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| RESEARCH ON CULTURAL ECOLOGY THEORY IN TOURISM PLANNING |
| LI Xing-ming1, ZENG Ju-xin1, LIU Juanita C.2 |
1. School of Urban and Environmental Science, Central China Normal university, Wuhan, 430079, China;
2. School of Travel Industry Management, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, 96822, USA |
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Abstract Tourism Planning has been featured as a kind of physical planning which focuses too much on planning techniques since it emerges from rational urban Planning. There are many problems can be witnessed in physical tourism planning practices:treating tourism planning as urban planning, emptiness in tourism theme and tourism image, oversimplification of tourism market targeting, duplicated tourism production designing. In order to overcome these problems of rational physical tourism planning, more and more tourism planners and researchers try to introduce cultural concepts and factors including history, tradition, ethics, morals, and values into the present tourism planning to integrate tourism planning technical elements and cultural ecology idea. Based on the Theory of Cultural Ecosystem by new cultural geographers, the authors of this paper proposed that the Cultural Ecology Theory be used as a theoretical framework for tourism planning. Furthermore, the integration between primary tourism planning content and cultural ecosystem was described in this paper. Cultural source region, cultural function, cultural landscape and cultural space, to name a few, are all necessarily constituent parts in tourism cultural ecology system, and they should be introduced into tourism planning system as a resolution for tourism resource evaluation, tourism market analysis, spatial distribution and tourism product design. The paper explored a brand new tourism planning systematic structure which has been reorganized to express the tourism planning theory based on cultural ecology theory precisely. This culture- ecological tourism planning theory can adapt China's tourism planning projects to the objective laws that tourism development is to satisfy human's spiritual and cultural needs because to meet human's spiritual and cultural needs should be the starting point and final object of tourism planning.
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Received: 07 March 2013
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2014, Vol. 29 
