This paper measures the industrial agglomeration status of six departments in the tourism industry in 2012, which include three core departments such as travel agency, hotel industry, tourism scenic area (spot) and three correlation departments such as catering, culture, entertainment and passenger services industry, and evaluates comprehensive technical efficiency of each department with data envelopment analysis model in a creative way based on the data of China's 31 provinces. Meanwhile, this paper creates a regression model to explore the relationship between the tourism industrial agglomeration and industrial efficiency. Results show that the overall concentration of China's tourism industry is low, and imbalanced development exists in the six elements departments. The tourism industrial structure in most of the provinces and autonomous regions in our country is imbalanced, which restricts the improvement of overall quality and efficiency in the provincial tourism industry. The industrial scale of China's tourism is still small and most regions are in the scale of increasing return stage, the scale effect has not been fully played. Therefore, expanding the scale of production should be the major means of improving industrial efficiency in China's tourism development currently. The regression coefficient between the scale concentration of tourism industry and industrial efficiency reaches 0.672 which shows the scale concentration of tourism industry has a strongly positive influence on industrial efficiency; the effect of enterprise concentration and labor concentration on the industrial efficiency is negative while the increase of the industry scale are positive. Thus expanding the scale of the tourism industry is a good way to strengthen the scale efficiency.