Agricultural labor force and cultivated land are two fundamental elements for promoting agricultural production and sustainable rural development,rapid non-agriculturalization of labor force certainly will have a strong impact on rural socio-economic system. During the process of rapid urbanization and industrialization in China,numerous agricultural labors are transferring to non-agricultural sector and employed by non-agricultural industries,the number of farmer migrant is increasing more than 10 million every year,and drastic changes have taken place on farmland. This article builds theoretical assumption:due to the correlation between population non-agriculturalization and peasant family income,peasant family earns the maximum income by adjusting non-agricultural and agricultural element investment structure. Based on this theory analysis,the article divides the evolution of rural development into three stages:slow rising stage,rapid development stage and division stage; each stage has different characteristics of population non-agriculturalization and cultivated land use type. The result shows:there is a correlation between the concurrent time and distance character and peasant family income in micro-level,and the relationship shows nonlinear variation; in macro-level,county's economic development ability is the important external cause that determines peasant household's concurrent behavioral character; during the process of the transfer of surplus labor force,peasant household reduces the elements investment in agricultural production gradually,however,due to the changes of traditional farming method by adjusting land transfer and planting structure,peasant household diminishes the negative effects of concurrent activities on agricultural production,and optimizes the structure of agriculture and non-agricultural income,finally,all this activities forces the evolution of agricultural area into advanced stages.