A GEOGRAPHICAL SUBJECT RESEARCH FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SOCIOLOGY OF SCIENCE——Re-examine Geography and Geographers by Johnston
SUN Jun1,2, PAN Yu-jun2, ZHANG Qian-duo2
1. School of Social Development, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China;
2. College of Tourism and Geographical Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
Abstract：Geography and Geographers is a famous book written by R. J. Johnston. It is a book about geographical history, philosophy and the sociology of science, especially, about human geography in Britain and America since 1945. The former two views have been recognized,but the third view have none observed. Essentially, the aspect of sociology is the basic view to understand the existing of science. The authors rethink its value for basic geography research from the following five perspectives which are the writing purpose, the content, the issues this book discusses, the content structure, and the perspective of sociology of science in other books. In the preface of its first and second edition,Johnston emphasized the purpose of the book which is to understand how geographers were organized to research, and how to organize research. This book includes nine chapters, but three of them inspect geography from the perspective of sociology of science, including geographical organization and the progress geographers to a professor. Contrasting the issue discussed in this book with the sociology of science, Johnston discussed almost all those issues in sociology of science, and especially, discussed them with geography, primary geographical organization, geographers' social roles, geography or geographers' community, and authority structure. In content structure, chapter 1 is the preface. Johnston researched the foundation of contemporary geography, including the relationship between organization and development, scientific classification, before which is the nature of contemporary geography and connection with chapter 7 and chapter 9. Similarly, later on is the connection with chapter 2, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 5 and chapter 6. Compared to the current works of history and geographical thought, this book is the only literature to inspect geography, which combined three perspectives to examine the work itself.
孙俊, 潘玉君, 张谦舵. 地理学学科研究的科学社会学视角——重新审视约翰斯顿《地理学与地理学家》一书[J]. 人文地理, 2011, 26(3): 7-11.
SUN Jun, PAN Yu-jun, ZHANG Qian-duo. A GEOGRAPHICAL SUBJECT RESEARCH FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SOCIOLOGY OF SCIENCE——Re-examine Geography and Geographers by Johnston. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 2011, 26(3): 7-11.
