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| A RESEARCH ON THE PATTERN OF HARMONIOUS DEVELOPMENT OF SCENIC AREAS AND INDIGENOUS INHABITANTS IN CHINA |
| WANG Shu-fang |
| School of Economics & Management, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China |
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Abstract With the boom of tourism, the development of tourist attractions has entered into its "golden age" in China. However, the problems of how to harmonize the relationship between scenic areas and indigenous inhabitants begin to appear. There are three major aspects of this issue which are that, firstly, the number of indigenous inhabitants increases rapidly. They become more active in the production and management which lead to serious pollution and reduce the value of tourism resource in scenic areas; secondly, indigenous inhabitants are not considered when the scenic areas are planned. The emphasis of the planning is usually focused on material construction, while human factors are ignored. The local social problems tend to be lack of concern in scenic areas; thirdly, the conflicts emerge sharply between indigenous inhabitants and the management. At present, there is a serious conflict between resource protection and benefits distribution. All these problems may threat social stability, ecological environment, resource protection and rational utilization of scenic areas. At the same time, it destroys the sustainable development of scenic areas seriously. Under this background, the paper analyzes the settling ways of the inhabitants, the advantages and disadvantages of inhabitants living in scenic areas, and illustrates the relationship between scenic areas and indigenous inhabitants, namely symbiotic type, co-existence type and conflict type. At present, conflict type is the main one in China. On the basis of above analysis, the paper proposes the overall goals of harmonious development, which are to ensure the realization of the functions of scenic areas and the equitable development right of indigenous inhabitants, to play a positive role on social function, to construct harmonious scenic areas and to facilitate the sustainable development of scenic areas. In order to realize the overall goals, this paper proposes three patterns of harmonious development between scenic areas and indigenous inhabitants, which are the pattern of moving-outside, the type of cohesion and the type of control. The authors also point out that the combination of the patterns of moving-outside and control can be more effective to make the harmonious development of scenic areas and indigenous inhabitants.
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Received: 22 February 2009
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2010, Vol. 25 
