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| On Mao Zedong's Geographic Strategic Concept of Encircling The Cities From The Countryside |
| Shen Weili, Zhang yingli |
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Abstract The veteran proletarian military strategists with Mao Zedong as their representative, combined Marxist theory with the practice of the revolution in China in analyzing the specific geographic environment in 1930s in China, and designed the strategy of encircling the cities from the countryside in the Chinese revoolution. Judging from the viewpoints of political and military geography, the authors hold that the strategy of encircling the cities from the countryside is a geographical strategic concept of Mao Zedong.
Judging from political geography, the counterrevolutionary forces of the ruling class in China were unevenly disposed. They were mainly disposed in the big cities, while in the countryside, they were relatiyely weak; thus it was possible for the revolutionary forces to survive and develop in the brcad countryside.
Judging from economic geography, there was an obvious gap between the cities and the countryside in the development of economy Although being in a leading position, the cities were unable to control the countryside completely. The self-sustaining economy dominated the economy in the countryside which could sustain without conpletely relying on the cities. This provided the material basis for the Communists and the people's army to survive and develop in the countryside.
Judging from military geography there was a grerat gap in the disposition of the reactionary forces in China. There were heavy forces in the cities and less forces in the countryside, wbile the mountainous areas were actually "vacuums", thus providing good conditions for the revoultionary army to survive and develop in the broad countryside and the mountainous areas, in which the enemy forces were weak.
Juoging from natural geography, China covers a wide (to p.23) (from p.6) territory, and the terrain and weather vary sharply. thus providing favourable operational conditions for the people's army with inferior equipment to conquer the reactionary army with superior equipment.
In conclusion, Mao Zedong's geographic strategic concept on encircling the cities from the countryside is of profound geographic basis.
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1992, Vol. 7 
