THE RESEARCH ON COUNTY-LEVEL POPULATION MIGRATION DRIVEN BY BASIC EDUCATION RESOURCES: A CASE STUDY OF SHOU COUNTY, ANHUI PROVINCE
WANG De1, DUAN Yao-min1,2, LI Xin-tian1, WEI Dan1, MA Li3
1. College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; 2. Bureau of Natural Resources and Planning of Zhumadian, Zhumadian 463001, China; 3. Shanghai Tongji Urban Planning & Design Institute, Shanghai 200092, China
Abstract：This study investigates population migration driven by basic education resources within counties, using data from Shou County to examine migration patterns, characteristics, and factors. Results indicate a concentration of educational migration toward higher-end urban areas within counties, particularly during compulsory education stages, influenced by education quality, urban economic levels, and family conditions. This research sheds light on educational migration patterns within county-level areas, informing urbanization policies and spatial planning strategies. Key findings include: 1) Educational migration forms a "reverse pyramid" population distribution, mainly towards higher-end urban areas within the county, with a significant proportion of migrants in urban areas (14%), followed by development zones (12%), education-focused towns (7%), and general towns (3%). 2) Education migration is concentrated during the first grade of junior high school, with single mothers being the predominant accompanying migrants, often engaging in full-time care. 3) Education migration is influenced by factors such as education resource quality, distance, urban economic levels, and family conditions, with different mechanisms affecting various educational stages.These insights are valuable for crafting county-level urbanization policies and spatial planning strategies, particularly in addressing urban-rural education disparities and optimizing education resource allocation within counties.
王德, 段要民, 李心恬, 蔚丹, 马力. 基础教育资源驱动的县域人口迁移研究：以安徽省寿县为例[J]. 人文地理, 2024, 39(6): 59-69.
WANG De, DUAN Yao-min, LI Xin-tian, WEI Dan, MA Li. THE RESEARCH ON COUNTY-LEVEL POPULATION MIGRATION DRIVEN BY BASIC EDUCATION RESOURCES: A CASE STUDY OF SHOU COUNTY, ANHUI PROVINCE. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 2024, 39(6): 59-69.
中共中央办公厅, 国务院办公厅.关于推进以县城为重要载体的城镇化建设的意见[EB/OL]. (2022-05-06)[2024-01-26]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2022-05/06/content_5688895.htm. [General Office of the Cpc Central Committee, General Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China. Opinions on promoting urbanization construction with county towns as important carriers[EB/OL]. (2022-05-06)[2024-01-26]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2022-05/06/content_5688895.htm.]
[2]
李晓江, 郑德高.人口城镇化特征与国家城镇体系构建[J]. 城市规划学刊, 2017(1):19-29. [Li Xiaojiang, Zheng Degao. The characteristics of urbanization and the formation of urban system[J]. Urban Planning Forum, 2017(1):19-29.]
[3]
Long Maoqian, Xiang Ran, Zhang Jianzuo. Village analysis of gradient urbanization: A case study of Shanghang, Fujian[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2017, 36(10):1531-1538.
[4]
Pan M Z, Huang Y F, Qin Y W, et al. Problems and strategies of allocating public service resources in rural areas in the context of county urbanization[J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022, 19(21): 14596. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114596.
[5]
周海银.我国区域基础教育资源配置对新型城镇化影响的实证研究[J]. 西北师大学报(社会科学版), 2016, 53(2):93-98. [Zhou Haiyin. An empirical study of the effects of regional basic education resources allocation on new urbanization[J]. Journal of Northwest Normal University(Social Sciences), 2016, 53(2):93-98.]
[6]
申明锐, 蒋宇阳, 张京祥.教育驱动的县域城镇化与规划政策反思[J]. 城市发展研究, 2021, 28(11):8-15, 30. [Shen Mingrui, Jiang Yuyang, Zhang Jingxiang. County-level urbanization driven by education and its planning policy reflection[J]. Urban Development Studies, 2021, 28(11):8-15, 30.]
[7]
李涛.中国教育公平亟待深度范式转型：“就近入学”政策背后的社会学观察[J]. 教育发展研究, 2015, 35(6):10-13, 57. [Li Tao. Educational equality in China urgently demands a comprehensive paradigm shift: Sociological observations of the policy of "enrollment in the nearest school"[J]. Research in Educational Development, 2015, 35(6):10-13, 57.]
[8]
贺雪峰.大城市的“脚”还是乡村的“脑”？——中西部县域经济与县域城镇化的逻辑[J]. 社会科学辑刊, 2022(5):55-62. [He Xuefeng. Big cities "feet" or the country's "brain": The logic of county economy and urbanization in central and western regions[J]. Social Science Journal, 2022(5):55-62.]
[9]
许加明.农村中小学陪读现象的形成机制及其社会后果[J]. 湖北社会科学, 2018(12):49-55. [Xu Jiaming. The formation mechanism of the phenomenon of accompanying students in rural primary and secondary schools and its social consequences[J]. Hubei Social Sciences, 2018(12):49-55.]
[10]
聂洪辉.教育吸纳：中西部地区县域城市化的另类逻辑[J]. 四川行政学院学报, 2019(3):13-22. [Nie Honghui. Education absorption: An alternative logic of county urbanization in the central and western regions[J]. Journal of Sichuan Administration College, 2019(3):13-22.]
[11]
叶敬忠. 作为治理术的中国农村教育[J]. 开放时代, 2017(3):163-179, 8-9. [Ye Jingzhong. China's rural education as governance[J]. Open Times, 2017(3):163-179, 8-9.]
[12]
韩嘉玲, 余家庆.离城不回乡与回流不返乡：新型城镇化背景下新生代农民工家庭的子女教育抉择[J]. 北京社会科学, 2020(6):4-13. [Han Jialing, Yu Jiaqing. Children's educational choices by the new generation migrant workers' families in the trend od new-type urbanization[J]. Social Sciences of Beijing, 2020(6):4-13.]
[13]
王漫. 社会行动视角下家长进城陪读研究[D]. 武汉:华中师范大学, 2017:14-17. [Wang Man. A Study of Parents Accompanying Students to the City from a Social Action Perspective: A Survey Analysis Based on Village D in Henan[D]. Wuhan: Central China Normal University, 2017:14-17.]
[14]
姚慧.教育进城：城镇化背景下县域农村家庭子女教育选择的社会学分析[D]. 上海:华东理工大学, 2020:35-38. [Yao Hui. Education in the City: A Sociological Analysis of the Educational Choices of Children of Rural Families in the County in the Context of Urbanisation[D]. Shanghai: East China University of Science and Technology, 2020:35-38.]
[15]
蒋宇阳.从“半工半耕”到“半工伴读”：教育驱动下的县域城镇化新特征[J]. 城市规划, 2020, 44(1):35-43, 71. [Jang Yuyang. From "semiindustry and semi-agriculture" to "semi-industry and accompanying schooling": New characteristics of county urbanization driven by education[J]. City Planning Review, 2022, 44(1):35-43, 71.]
[16]
施德浩.家庭再叙事与教育资本化：微观视角下县域城镇化兴起的家庭、制度与空间[J]. 城市规划, 2022, 46(7):55-67. [Shi Dehao. Re-narration through family rationality and the capitalization of education: A micro perspective of families, institutions, and space during county urbanization[J]. City Planning Review, 2022, 46(7): 55-67.]
[17]
卢晖临, 粟后发.迈向扎根的城镇化：以浏阳为个案[J]. 开放时代, 2021(4):158-177, 9. [Lu Huilin, Su Houfa. Toward rooted urbanization: A case study of Liuyang[J]. Open Times, 2021(4):158-177, 9.]
[18]
王晓慧.农村中小学陪读现象的类型、成因及解决对策[J]. 教育理论与实践, 2011, 31(8):24-25. [Wang Xiaohui. The types, causes and countermeasures of accompanying reading in rural primary and secondary schools[J]. Theory and Practice of Education, 2011, 31(8): 24-25.]
[19]
王文龙.中国陪读现象的流变及其社会学解读[J]. 南京社会科学, 2012(10):126-132. [Wang Wenlong. The evolution of Chinese accompanying reading phenomenon and its sociological snterpretation [J]. Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences, 2012(10):126-132.]
[20]
夏怡然, 陆铭.城市间的“孟母三迁”：公共服务影响劳动力流向的经验研究[J]. 管理世界, 2015(10):78-90. [Xia Yiran, Lu Ming. The "three movements" between cities: An empirical study of public service's impact on labor flow[J]. Management World, 2015(10): 78-90.]
[21]
雷望红.阶层流动竞争与教育风险投资：对甘肃宁县“陪读”现象的解读[J]. 中国青年研究, 2018(12):86-92. [Lei Wanghong. Class mobile competition and educational venture investment: An interpretation of "reading accompanying" phenomenon in Ning county of Gansu province[J]. China Youth Study, 2018(12):86-92.]
[22]
Stark O, Bloom D E. The new economics of labor migration[J]. American Economic Review, 1985, 75(2):173-178.
[23]
李忠路, 邱泽奇.家庭背景如何影响儿童学业成就？义务教育阶段家庭社会经济地位影响差异分析[J]. 社会学研究, 2016, 31(4): 121-144, 244-245. [Li Zhonglu, Qiu Zeqi. Family background and children's academic performance: Evidence from the compulsory education in China[J]. Sociological Studies, 2016, 31(4): 121-144, 244-245.]
[24]
王文刚, 孙桂平, 张文忠, 等.京津冀地区流动人口家庭化迁移的特征与影响机理[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2017, 27(1):137-145. [Wang Wengang, Sun Guiping, Zhang Wenzhong, et al. Family migration and its influential factors in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region [J]. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2017, 27(1):137-145.]
[25]
徐莉, 冀晓曼.家庭资本与社会阶层：基于CGSS2017调查数据的实证研究[J]. 贵州财经大学学报, 2021(2):72-79. [Xu Li, Ji Xiaoman. Family capital and social class-empirical research based on CGSS2017 survey data[J]. Journal of Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, 2021(2):72-79.]
[26]
李永萍.功能性家庭：农民家庭现代性适应的实践形态[J]. 华南农业大学学报(社会科学版), 2018, 17(2):44-60. [Li Yongping. Functional family: The practical form of modernity adaptation of peasant family[J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University(Social Science Edition), 2018, 17(2):44-60.]
[27]
刘善槐, 王爽.我国义务教育资源空间布局优化研究[J]. 教育研究, 2019, 40(12):79-87. [Liu Shanhuai, Wang Shuang. On the optimization of the spatial distribution of compulsory education resources in China[J]. Educational Research, 2019, 40(12):79-87.]
[28]
Wu Y X, Huang C. School socioeconomic segregation and educational expectations of students in China's junior high schools[J]. Social Sciences in China, 2017, 38(3):112-126.
[29]
冯小.陪读：农村年轻女性进城与闲暇生活的隐性表达——基于晋西北小寨乡“进城陪读”现象的分析[J]. 中国青年研究, 2017(12): 60-66. [Feng Xiao. Chaperoning: The implicit expression of rural young women's moving to the city and leisure life: An analysis of the phenomenon of "moving to the city to chaperone" in Xiaozhai township, northwest Jin[J]. China Youth Study, 2017(12): 60-66.]
[30]
王欣, 卢春天.农村陪读家庭资源传递及其影响：基于“陪读”的个案研究[J]. 中国青年研究, 2019(8):69-75, 41. [Wang Xin, Lu Chuntian. Family resource transmission and its impact in rural areas: A case study based on accompanying reading[J]. China Youth Study, 2019(8):69-75, 41.]
[31]
齐薇薇.县域教育“供给—需求”匹配视角下母亲陪读研究[J]. 中国青年研究, 2022(1):76-83. [Qi Weiwei. Research on mother's accompanying reading from the perspective of supply-demand matching in county education[J]. China Youth Study, 2022(1):76-83.]
