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人文地理  2019, Vol. 34 Issue (3): 154-160    DOI: 10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2019.03.020
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元阳哈尼梯田遗产化与旅游化的关系演变与互动机制
周小凤1, 张朝枝1,2
1. 中山大学 旅游学院, 广州 510275;
2. 伊利诺伊大学-中山大学国家公园国际联合实验室, 广州 510275
THE RELATION AND INTERACTION MECHANISM BETWEEN HERITAGIZATION AND TOURISMIFICATION IN HANI TERRACES OF YUANYANG
ZHOU Xiao-feng1, ZHANG Chao-zhi1,2
1. School of Tourism Management, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
2. UIUC-SYSU International Joint Lab for National Park Research, Guangzhou 510275, China

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摘要 遗产化与旅游化已成为地方社会经济发展的重要活动,历时性地理解两者的互动关系及其影响因素具有重要意义。研究发现,元阳哈尼梯田遗产化与旅游化发生的时空背景基本相同,但关键施动主体与客体不同,形成二者关系演变的基础;地方先后经历了“旅游化启蒙遗产化、遗产化与旅游化相互促进、旅游化阻碍遗产化、遗产化加快旅游化”四个阶段;其中,“摄影师”、“政府部门、专家学者、大众传媒”、“社区居民与旅游企业及外来商人之间的矛盾、生态环境问题、地方贫困”、“地方政府、旅游企业、社区居民”等关键行动者分别依次发挥了主要作用,影响着二者关系的格局变化。
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周小凤
张朝枝
关键词 遗产化旅游化施动者模型遗产旅游哈尼梯田    
Abstract:In academical studies, heritage usually is considered as a process and a product of heritagization, while tourismification is regarded as a phenomenon, a process, a result, and one of the important modes to promote the sustainable survival of heritage. Hereby, this paper conducted a diachronic analysis on the actors in the processes of heritagization and tourismification of Hani Terraces in Yuanyang with the actantial model of Greimas. It found that:First, the heirtagization and tourismification of Hani Terraces of Yuanyang basically occurred in the same social context and space-time, but their crucial subjects and objects are so different that it established the basis for their relationship changes in the future; Second, the interaction between heritagization(H) and tourismification(T) is not static, but experienced four stages of dynamic change like "T initiated H→H and T promoted mutually→T impeded H→H accelerated T"; Third, the key actors like "photographers", "government departments, experts and scholars and mass media", "the contradictions among nonlocal investors, tourism enterprises and local residents, the problems of ecological and environmental damage, and local poverty issues", "local government, tourism enterprises and community residents", respectively played a major role on the evolution of their interaction during the four different stages. This conclusion has a beneficial revelation for comprehensively understanding the relationship between world heritage declaration and tourism development. The actors in the processes of heirtagization and tourismification are diverse and complex, which fully embody their duality and multiple effects.
Key wordsheritagization    tourismification    actantial model    heritage tourism    Hani Terraces   
收稿日期: 2018-06-12     
PACS: F590  
基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(41471122)
通讯作者: 张朝枝(1973-),男,湖南岳阳人,博士,教授,博导,主要研究方向为遗产旅游与国家公园管理、旅游发展与目的地管理。E-mail:zhchzhi@mail.sysu.edu.cn。     E-mail: zhchzhi@mail.sysu.edu.cn
作者简介: 周小凤(1992-),女,广东雷州人,博士研究生,主要研究方向为遗产保护与可持续旅游发展。E-mail:634108450@qq.com。
引用本文:   
周小凤, 张朝枝. 元阳哈尼梯田遗产化与旅游化的关系演变与互动机制[J]. 人文地理, 2019, 34(3): 154-160. ZHOU Xiao-feng, ZHANG Chao-zhi. THE RELATION AND INTERACTION MECHANISM BETWEEN HERITAGIZATION AND TOURISMIFICATION IN HANI TERRACES OF YUANYANG. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 2019, 34(3): 154-160.
链接本文:  
http://rwdl.xisu.edu.cn/CN/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2019.03.020      或     http://rwdl.xisu.edu.cn/CN/Y2019/V34/I3/154
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