国外关注贫困问题的负责任旅游研究和实践为我国民族地区旅游扶贫开发提供了新的视角。我国民族地区与贫困地区、旅游资源丰富地区具有高度的重叠性,进而衍生出了多样化的旅游扶贫开发模式。这些旅游扶贫开发模式对民族地区旅游业发展和贫困人口致富起到了促进作用的同时,也因缺乏对文化景观脆弱性和自然生态敏感性的系统考虑而产生了诸多负面影响。基于此,本文重点讨论了负责任旅游视角下民族地区扶贫开发的模式重构问题,明晰了民族地区负责任旅游扶贫开发的战略取向和运行机制,构建了民族地区负责任旅游扶贫开发的旅游者驱动和社会型旅游企业带动两种模式,进而提出了与之相适应的实施对策与建议。

The study for "Responsible Tourism" lies in reducing the side effects of tourists' behaviors and tourism development activities on the society, economy, culture, and environment and so on of tourism destinations. Along with the development of alleviation of poverty action all over the world since the end of 20 century, foreign responsible tourism researchers begin to pay attention to poverty problems from the theoretical perspective of ethnical economics and social anthropology; and the relevant studies and practices constantly promote the pro-poor tourism career towards the objectives of sustainable development. Compared with foreign countries, the responsible tourism in China has achieved relatively fewer achievements and has not formed independent system yet. Ethnic minority areas in China are highly overlapping with poverty areas with abundant tourism resources. Since the first pro-poor tourism in Guizhou Province since 1991, the propoor tourism in ethnic minority areas in China has aroused wide attention from the academic fields and industry and has set off a new round of research and practices, thus deriving a variety of pro-poor tourism development modes. However, on the one hand, these pro-poor tourism development modes have promoted the development in ethnic minority areas and promoting the richness of the poor people; on the other hand, it has led to many adverse effects due to the lack of systematic consideration for the vulnerability of cultural landscapes and the sensibility of natural landscapes. On the basis of this question, this paper focuses and summarizes the research results of poverty problems of responsible tourism in foreign countries and pays much more attention on the modes reconstruction problems in the pro-poor tourism development modes in the ethnic minority areas in China.