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| GREENSPACE SYSTEM OF THE UNITED STATES: THEORY, PRACTICE AND ENLIGHTENMENT |
| WANG Bao-zhong1, AN Shu-qing1, SONG Fu-qiang1, HE Ping2,4, ZHANG Zhi-jun1, LI Ming-yang3 |
1. School of Life Science, Environmental School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;
2. Central South Forestry University, Changsha 410004, China;
3. Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210000, China;
4. China International Engineering Consulting Corporation, Beijing 100044, China |
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Abstract Greenspace provides recreational and socializing opportunities for the public,serves as wildlife habitats,and functions as an essential for ecological construction and urban planning.There are mainly seven with regard to greenspace theory:1) park system theory,which holds that national parks,urban parks and protected areas are the living necessaries for human,and systematic connection of parks benefits the functional optimization.2) holistic theory,which stresses that a city is an integrity of its surrounding space and a urban planning should take into account its regional greenspace.3) greenway theory,which places priority on the maintenance of the natural appearance of landscapes and service function.4) natural scenery theory, which advocates the protection of nature,closeness to nature,and equality of every corner in the earth.5) landscape ecological planning theory,which values the combination of natural resources and landscape planning,and a planning of regional natural protection and land utilization,and holds that ecology decided the landscape.6) earthscape theory,which views design with nature,and the nature to be the source of landscape architectures,and to establish a new landscape under the frame of farmland,vegetation and city in the earthscape range.7) New York urban-rural planning assumption,which allocates population and industry to small communities to form a concentrated urbanization and natural space.
In addition,American greenspace practices liking nature parks,park movement,national parks,and open spaces revealed that the United States is of high awareness of greensapce and nature protection,and emphasizes the application of advanced theory to practice.Its biggest contribution is that parks have become the basic urban elements across the world,national parks have led to a worldwide conservation movement,and greenspace concept has become the criterion for ecological construction in the world.Finally,this paper discussed the implications of the United States greenspace in the context of China.
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Received: 09 July 2004
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2005, Vol. 20 
