基于2005—2012年京津冀各城市工资及其它社会经济数据，探讨了市场潜能、产业集聚、人力资本、制度改革等因素对城市间各行业工资差异的影响。结果表明：①市场潜能对各行业工资水平的增长均有一定的促进作用。②除消费性服务业外，各类产业集聚对地区平均工资水平的提高均有一定的促进作用，但制造业集聚带来的拥挤效应也已开始体现；生产性服务业集聚能够带动公共性服务业工资的提升，而公共性服务业缺乏对生产性服务业的反哺；产业集聚对消费性服务业工资缺乏带动作用。③在控制变量方面，交通基础设施对工资水平的带动作用逐渐弱化；科技投入、人力资本对服务业工资水平的带动作用较高，而对制造业影响较弱；市场经济体制改革对工资水平的带动作用仍未体现；政府市场干预能力的提高仅带动了公共性服务业工资的提升，而外向度的提升则仅对公共性服务业缺乏带动作用。
Abstract
Since reform and opening up, China has achieved great success in economic development, but the income distribution mechanism has changed either, and caused substantial gaps in residents' income as well. As one of the major source of residents' income, the regional difference of wage is a crucial factor in influencing workforce flow and firm location and has a major effect on regional labor market integration and regional economic integration. So it is vital to explore the formation mechanism and influencing factors of regional wage difference. Among all the existing studies focused on regional wage difference, most of them conducted relative studies based on the average wage of all the urban workers and neglected the difference among different industries. Based on new economic geography and spatial agglomeration theory, this study explores the impact of market potential, industrial agglomeration, human capital, institutional reform and other factors on wage level across different industries by using panel data from 2005 to 2012 of 13 cities located in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region which is a typical region of unbalanced development. The results show that:1) Market potential has a certain promoting effect on wage growth among all sectors. 2) The spatial agglomeration of manufacturing, producer services and public services have a certain role in promoting the growth of average wage, however, the crowding effect of manufacturing agglomeration has begun to reflect, implying the urgency of industrial restructuring and upgrading of manufacturing in future. 3) In terms of control variables, the enhancement effect of transportation infrastructure on wage has been gradually weakening, indicating the importance of achieving infrastructure transition to people's livelihood in future.
关键词
京津冀 /
行业 /
工资差异 /
产业集聚
Key words
Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region /
industry /
wage disparity /
industry agglomeration
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