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人文地理  2008, Vol. 23 Issue (1): 102-106,56    DOI: 10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2008.01.021
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国外飞地旅游研究进展
刘爱利1,2, 刘家明1, 刘敏1,2
1. 中国科学院 地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101;
2. 中国科学院 研究生院, 北京 100039
PROGRESS IN OVERSEAS ENCLAVE TOURISM STUDY
LIU Ai-li1,2, LIU Jia-ming1, LIU Min1,2
1. Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China

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摘要 我国旅游度假区的发展,正呈现出与国外飞地旅游相类似的"孤岛"特征,影响着度假区的可持续发展。基于此,在对《旅游研究纪事》和《旅游管理》等杂志相关文献进行梳理的基础上,对国外飞地旅游的研究进行了回顾与分析,尤其关注了国外学者对飞地旅游产生原因、特征和影响效应的研究。对国外飞地旅游研究的了解和把握,旨在为我国度假区孤岛效应的研究提供指导和借鉴,为度假区现实问题的解决提供可行性思路。
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关键词 飞地旅游研究进展飞地特征飞地影响效应度假区孤岛    
Abstract:With the development of tourist resorts in China, resorts are taking on special characteristics of being "isolated islands".The fact of resorts being isolated islands is similar to that of enclave tourism overseas.
Enclave tourism refers to one special type of tourism, which the demand and benefits of local communities are generally marginalized. Resort enclaves were mainly developed by foreign investors for international tourists with high consumption. Tourism enclaves generally exist in developing countries rich in tourism resources and short for capitals for development. Therefore, foreign capitals come into and gradually control the tourism development of the developing countries. The enclavity of tourism resorts are then resulted. The development of enclave tourism not only minimizes the benefits that host countries and communities gained from tourism, but makes the tourism development socially, economically and environmentally unsustainable. From late 1970s, many researchers began to pay attention to the study on enclave tourism. They carried out their studies from different perspectives and got significant findings.
In response to the "isolated island" phenomenon emerging in China, this paper reviews the study of enclave tourism overseas, which has similar features to the resort "island". Based on the magazines of Annuals of Tourism Research and Tourism Management, the author selects articles related to enclave tourism in the last 20 years. By using the method of literature analysis, statistics and comparative analysis, the author intends to shed light on the study of enclave tourism, review and evaluate the study of enclave tourism on concept, characteristics, causation and tourism impacts.
The conclusions of the review of enclave tourism overseas are twofold: on one hand, the perspectives that foreign researchers used to measure tourism impacts are of great help to study the similar phenomenon of Chinese tourism resorts; on the other hand, the parties concerned enclave tourism overseas are communities in the developing countries and big companies of the developed countries, emphasizing the foreign ownership of tourist facilities. In the study of Chinese isolated resorts, however, more attention should be paid to the relationship between resorts and the nearby communities and other factors beyond the ownership of facilities, such as the socio-economic conditions of local communities and the linkages between tourism and other sectors. The understanding of studies on enclave resort overseas could help to analyze similar phenomena emerging in the development of resorts in China. By doing so can we not only get reference of furthering tourism impact study of resorts in China, but also obtain effective solutions to the existing problems of tourism impacts of Chinese resorts.
Key wordsenclave tourism    study progress    characteristics    impacts    isolated island effect of resorts   
收稿日期: 2006-12-05     
基金资助:

国家自然科学基金资助(40571059)

作者简介: 刘爱利(1981-),男,山东莱芜人,博士研究生,主要研究方向为旅游地理学。
引用本文:   
刘爱利, 刘家明, 刘敏. 国外飞地旅游研究进展[J]. 人文地理, 2008, 23(1): 102-106,56. LIU Ai-li, LIU Jia-ming, LIU Min. PROGRESS IN OVERSEAS ENCLAVE TOURISM STUDY. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 2008, 23(1): 102-106,56.
链接本文:  
http://rwdl.xisu.edu.cn/CN/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2008.01.021      或     http://rwdl.xisu.edu.cn/CN/Y2008/V23/I1/102
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