在旅游产业地位不断加强,旅游资源投入规模不断扩大,低碳旅游呼声日益高涨的背景下,从学术角度对30年来旅游效率研究的重点、取得的成就、面临的问题进行系统总结,不但能够厘清相关研究对旅游学术体系建设的贡献,而且对于从理论层面因应形势变化,提高旅游发展资源投入的利用水平和可持续发展具有重要意义。文献检索结果表明,现有旅游效率研究中涉及到的产业部门主要集中在酒店(宾馆)、旅行社、旅游交通和旅游目的地等几个方面,遵循文献部门归属关系,采用文献信息分析方法对旅游效率研究文献进行了系统分析和评价。结果表明,国内外学者在旅游效率研究方面取得了丰硕成果,特别是在酒店、旅行社等传统产业要素领域,较为固定的研究方法与研究路径已经基本形成,且对城市、目的地、综合性产业等领域的研究也方兴未艾,相关成果为旅游发展过程中资源的最大化利用做出了重要贡献。

Tourism industry has come into a new period and a series of new changes had happened, such as the industrial status is strengthened, the input scale of tourism resources is expanded and low-carbon tourism is appealed increasingly day by day. It is very important to summarize the achievements, research key points and existing problems on tourism efficiency field in recent 30 years from the perspective of academic research. The results of documents retrieval indicate that current tourism efficiency research mainly focus on the chief branches of tourism industry, including hotels, travel agencies, tourism transportation, tourism destinations, etc. According to following the attribution relationship of literature division and adopting document information analysis method to analyze and evaluate tourism efficiency research document systematically in 30 years at home and abroad, it reveals that research results have been gained abundantly by foreign and domestic scholars, especially in traditional industry elements field. Relatively-stationary research approaches and routes have formed basically. At the same time, research in the field of cities, destinations and integrated industries has been rising gradually. In conclusion, tourism efficiency research has the characteristics that the perspective in study is widened, the research context is deepened, the research approaches are richer and cross-over studies is more complicated. From the viewpoint of deepening tourism efficiency research and enriching tourism research system, the future research should focus more on the essence of tourism efficiency, the forming process of tourism efficiency, the impact mechanism of tourism efficiency and the simple expression of the achievements of tourism efficiency, narrow the gap between theoretical research and industrial practice, promote achievements conversion and strengthen application.