游客亲环境行为的影响因素实证研究&mdash;&mdash;基于情感与认知的双重视角

党宁; 肖荟; 李文明

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2021.03.020

PDF(1871 KB)

人文地理 ›› 2021, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3) : 185-192. DOI: 10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2021.03.020

旅游

游客亲环境行为的影响因素实证研究——基于情感与认知的双重视角

党宁¹, 肖荟¹, 李文明²

作者信息 +

EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ON THE INFLUENCING FACTORS OF TOURISTS' PRO-ENVIRONMENT BEHAVIOR: BASED ON THE DUAL PERSPECTIVES OF EMOTION AND COGNITION

DANG Ning¹, XIAO Hui¹, LI Wen-ming²

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

现有游客亲环境行为驱动因素研究大多从游客认知层面进行，鲜有对情感层面的探究，尚未明确情感因素对亲环境行为的影响价值与机理，导致对游客亲环境行为的解释和预测力度有限。为解析认知、情感因素对亲环境行为的影响机理，本研究以江西省婺源县6个景区为典型案例地，结合现场与线上调研，引入心理契约和自然共情概念，尝试构建“情感—认知”双维度的模型框架，借助AMOS对模型假设进行实证检验。研究验证了“情感”和“认知”双因素对游客亲环境行为的作用机理，发现表征情感维度的“关系型心理契约”和“自然共情”可以有效地促进游客亲环境行为。研究结论丰富了游客亲环境行为及其影响机制研究的视角和内容，对引导游客亲环境行为以推动景区可持续发展具有一定实践指导意义。

Abstract

The key problem in the field of tourists' pro-environmental behavior (PEB) research is to find "the influencing factors of PEB" and "their influencing mechanism". The discovery and construction of psychological variables and related model is critical to solve this problem. Therefore, in order to analyze the influencing mechanism of both "cognition" and "emotion" factors on PEB, a two-dimensional model of "EmotionCognition" is constructed with tourists' psychological contract (PC), including transactional psychological contract (TPC) explaining cognition and relational psychological contract (RPC) explaining emotions.) natural empathy (NE) was adopted as independent variables, while PEB was dependent variable. Based on this model, 6 research hypotheses are put forward. The research revealed that:1) The "emotion-cognition" two-dimensional model can be used to evaluate the influencing factors of tourists' PEB. 2) NE and RPC have significant positive effects on tourists' PEB. 3) RPC has a direct and significant positive impact on NE. 4) TPC has no direct and significant impact on tourists' PEB, but it has an indirect and positive impact on it by positively affecting RPC. 5) Thus, scenic spots can effectively promote tourists' PEB through "emotional approaches" (NE and RPC) directly, and through "cognitive approaches" (TPC) indirectly, yet they cannot effectively stimulate tourists' PEB through the "cognitive approach".

导出引用

党宁, 肖荟, 李文明. 游客亲环境行为的影响因素实证研究——基于情感与认知的双重视角[J]. 人文地理. 2021, 36(3): 185-192 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2021.03.020

DANG Ning, XIAO Hui, LI Wen-ming. EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ON THE INFLUENCING FACTORS OF TOURISTS' PRO-ENVIRONMENT BEHAVIOR: BASED ON THE DUAL PERSPECTIVES OF EMOTION AND COGNITION[J]. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2021, 36(3): 185-192 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2021.03.020

中图分类号： F59

参考文献

[1] 邱宏亮,范钧,赵磊.旅游者环境责任行为研究述评与展望[J].旅游学刊,2018,33(11):122-138.[Qiu Hongliang, Fan Jun, Zhao Lei. Development of the academic study of tourists' environmentally responsible behavior:A literature review[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2018, 33(11):122-138.]
[2] 王建明,吴龙昌.亲环境行为研究中情感的类别、维度及其作用机理[J].心理科学进展,2015,23(12):2153-2166.[Wang Jianming, Wu Longchang. The categories, dimensions and mechanisms of emotions in the studies of pro-environmental behavior[J]. Advances in Psychological Science, 2015,23(12):2153-2166.]
[3] 何学欢,胡东滨,粟路军.旅游地居民感知公平、关系质量与环境责任行为[J].旅游学刊,2018,33(9):117-131.[He Xuehuan, Hu Dongbin, Su Lujun. Destination residents' perceived justice, relational quality and environmentally responsible behavior[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2018,33(9):117-131.]
[4] 罗文斌,张小花,钟诚,等.城市自然景区游客环境责任行为影响因素研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(5):161-169.[Luo Wenbin, Zhang Xiaohua, Zhong Cheng, et al. Research on the influencing factors of tourists' environmental responsibility behavior in urban natural scenic spots[J]. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2017,27(5):161-169.]
[5] 黄涛,刘晶岚,唐宁,等.价值观、景区政策对游客环境责任行为的影响——基于TPB的拓展模型[J].干旱区资源与环境,2018,32(10):88-94.[Huang Tao, Liu Jinglan, Tang Ning, et al. The influence of values and scenic spot's policies on tourists' environmentally responsible behavior:An extended theory of planned behavior model[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2018,32(10):88-94.]
[6] 李文明,殷程强,唐文跃,等.观鸟旅游游客地方依恋与亲环境行为——以自然共情与环境教育感知为中介变量[J].经济地理,2019, 39(1):215-224.[Li Wenming, Yin Chengqiang, Tang Wenyue, et al. Place attachment and pro-environmental behaviors of bird-watching tourists:Taking natural empathy and perception of environmental education as mediating variables[J]. Economic Geography, 2019,39(1):215-224.]
[7] Stern P C. New environmental theories:Toward a coherent theory of environmentally significant behavior[J]. Journal of Social Issues, 2000,56(3):407-424.
[8] Ajzen I. The theory of planned behavior[J]. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 1991,50(2):179-211.
[9] Schwartz S H. Normative influences on altruism[J]. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 1977,10(1):221-279.
[10] 邱宏亮.基于TPB拓展模型的出境游客文明旅游行为意向影响机制研究[J].旅游学刊,2017,32(6):75-85.[Qiu Hongliang. Developing an extended theory of planned behavior model to predict outbound tourists' civilization tourism behavioral intention[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2017,32(6):75-85.]
[11] Nisbet E K, Zelenski J M, Murphy S A. The nature relatedness scale:Linking individuals' connection with nature to environmental concern and behavior[J]. Environment and Behavior, 2009,41(5):715-740.
[12] Morrison E W, Robinson S L. When employees feel betrayed:A model of how psychological contract violation develops[J]. Academy of Management Review, 1997,22(1):226-256..
[13] Koenig-Lewis N, Palmer A, Dermody J, et al. Consumers' evaluations of ecological packaging-rational and emotional approaches[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2014,37:94-105.
[14] Kanchanapibul M, Lacka E, Wang X, et al. An empirical investigation of green purchase behavior among the young generation[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2014,66:528-536.
[15] Meneses M, Pasqualino J C, Castells F. Environmental assessment of urban wastewater reuse:Treatment alternatives and applications[J]. Chemosphere, 2010,81(2):266-272.
[16] Davis J L, Le B, Coy A E. Building a model of commitment to the natural environment to predict ecological behavior and willingness to sacrifice[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2011,31(3):257-265.
[17] Mayer F S, Frantz C M P. The connectedness to nature scale:A measure of individuals' feeling in community with nature[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2004,24(4):503-515.
[18] Robinson S L, Kraatz M S, Rousseau D M. Changing obligations and the psychological contract:A longitudinal study[J]. Academy of Management Journal, 1994,37(1):137-152.
[19] Argyris C. Understanding organizational behavior[J]. American Journal of Sociology, 1960,26(1):457-458.
[20] Lusch R F, Brown J R. Interdependency, contracting, and relational behavior in marketing channels[J]. Journal of Marketing, 1996, 60(4):19-38.
[21] 罗海成.营销情境中的心理契约及其测量[J].商业经济与管理, 2005(6):37-41,47.[Luo Haicheng. Psychological contract and its measurement in marketing context[J]. Journal of Business Economics, 2005(6):37-41,47.]
[22] Blancero D M, Johnson S A. A process model of discretionary service behavior:Integrating psychological contracts, organizational justice, and customer feedback to manage service agents[J]. Journal of Quality Management, 2001,6(2):307-329.
[23] Roehling M V. The origins and early development of the psychological contract construct[J]. Journal of Management History, 1997, 3(2):204-217.
[24] 李军.心理契约与导游小费制度[J].旅游学刊,2007,22(9):41-44.[Li Jun. Psychological contract and tour guide tip system[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2007,22(9):41-44.]
[25] 秦晓芳.基于心理契约的山西省乡村旅游景区游客满意度调查研究[J].经济师,2014(4):218-219.[Qin Xiaofang. Survey of tourist satisfaction in rural scenic spots in Shanxi province based on psychological contracts[J]. China Economist, 2014(4):218-219.]
[26] 孙娟,李艳军.公平感知对农资零售商知识转移的影响:心理契约的中介作用[J].南京农业大学学报(社会科学版),2019,19(3):138-146,160.[Sun Juan, Li Yanjun. Fairness perception affects agricultural material retailers' knowledge transfer:Psychological contracts' mediating effect[J]. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University (Social Science Edition), 2019,19(3):138-146,160.]
[27] Pavlou P A, Gefen D. Psychological contract violation in online marketplaces:Antecedents, consequences, and moderating role[J]. Information Systems Research, 2005,16(4):372-399.
[28] 梁雯,张伟.物流服务参与及其感知质量对消费者心理契约的影响研究[J]. 西安财经学院学报,2016,29(3):68-74.[Liang Wen, Zhang Wei. Study on influence of logistics service involvement and perceived service quality on consumer psychological contract[J]. Journal of Xi'an University of Finance and Economics, 2016,29(3):68-74.]
[29] 单汨源,邓青瑞,张人龙.基于顾客心理契约的服务保证与消费者行为意向关系研究[J].商业研究,2014(10):100-105.[Shan Miyuan, Deng Qingrui, Zhang Renlong. On the relations between service guarantee and consumers' behavior intention based on customers' psychological contract[J]. Commercial Research, 2014(10):100-105.]
[30] 王娟,张喆,范文娜.高绩效工作系统、心理契约违背与反生产行为之间的关系研究:一个被调节的中介模型[J].管理工程学报,2018, 32(2):8-16.[Wang Juan, Zhang Zhe, Fan Wenna. The research on the relationship among high performance work system, psychological contract violation and counterproductive work behavior:A moderated mediation model[J]. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, 2018,32(2):8-16.]
[31] 游梦琪.环保激励对员工亲环境行为的影响机制研究——组织认同的中介作用和心理契约的调节作用[D].武汉:华中农业大学, 2018:51.[You Mengqi. Study on the Influence of Environmental Protection Incentive on Employee Pro-environment Behavior:The Mediating Role of Organizational Identity and the Regulation Effect of Psychological Contract[D]. Wuhan:Huazhong Agricultural University, 2018:51.]
[32] Sobel D. Beyond ecophobia:Reclaiming the heart in nature education[J]. Nature Study, 1999,49(September):4-12.
[33] Berenguer J. The effect of empathy in pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors[J]. Environment and Behavior, 2007,39(2):269-283.
[34] Preylo B D, Arikawa H. Comparison of vegetarians and non-vegetarians on pet attitude and empathy[J]. Anthrozoös, 2008,21(4):387-395.
[35] 刘俊升,周颖.移情的心理机制及其影响因素概述[J].心理科学, 2008,31(4):917-921.[Liu Junsheng, Zhou Ying. The mechanism and affecting factors of children's empathy[J]. Journal of Psychological Science, 2008,31(4):917-921.]
[36] 陈伟华,李萍.婺源景区旅游公路两侧重金属污染情况分析[J].公路,2018,63(1):140-145.[Chen Weihua, Li Ping. Analysis of heavy metal pollution on both sides of highway in Wuyuan scenic areas[J]. Highway, 2018,63(1):140-145.]
[37] 邱宏亮,吴雪飞,范钧,等.旅游地意象对地方依恋与游客重游意愿的影响——以浙江省湘湖旅游度假区为例[J].中国旅游评论, 2014(2):81-98.[Qiu Hongliang, Wu Xuefei, Fan Jun, et al. The impacts of destination image on place attachment and tourists' revisit intention:A case of Zhejiang Xianghu tourist resort[J]. China Tourism Review, 2014(2):81-98.]
[38] 刘如菲.游客环境行为分析及其对可持续旅游选择性营销的启示——以九寨沟为例[J].人文地理,2010,25(6):114-119.[Liu Rufei. Selective marketing for sustainable development of tourism based on the analysis of environmental behavior:A case study of Jiuzhaigou[J]. Human Geography, 2010,25(6):114-119.]
[39] 贾衍菊,林德荣.旅游者环境责任行为:驱动因素与影响机理——基于地方理论的视角[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2015,25(7):161-169.[Jia Yanju, Lin Derong. Influence factors and effects of tourists' environmentally responsible behaviors based on place theory[J]. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2015,25(7):161-169.]
[40] Rousseau D M. Psychological and implied contracts in organizations[J]. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 1989,2(2):121-139.
[41] 孙雪梅.员工帮助计划(EAP)对知识型员工心理契约的影响研究[D].沈阳:辽宁大学,2016:41.[Sun Xuemei. Research on the Effect of EAP on the Psychological Contract of Knowledge Employee[D]. Shenyang:Liaoning University, 2016:47.]
[42] 宗阳,王广新.自然拟人化与大学生亲环境行为的关系:自然共情的中介作用[J].心理技术与应用,2017,5(11):654-664.[Zong Yang, Wang Guangxin. Anthropomorphism of nature and pro-environmental behaviors of college students:The mediating effect of empathy with nature[J]. Psychology:Techniques and Applications, 2017, 5(11):654-664.]
[43] Mccormick R E, Tinsley M. Athletics versus academics? Evidence from SAT scores[J]. Journal of Political Economy, 1987,95(5):1103-1116.
[44] 吴明隆.结构方程模型:AMOS的操作与应用[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2009:55.[Wu Minglong. Structural Equation Model:AMOS Operation and Application[M]. Chongqing:Chongqing University Press, 2009:55.]
[45] Cropanzano R, Mitchell M S. Social exchange theory:An interdisciplinary review[J]. Journal of Management, 2005,31(6):874-900.
[46] 党宁,吴必虎,张雯霞.计划行为还是理性行为?上海居民近城游憩行为研究[J].人文地理,2017,32(6):137-145.[Dang Ning, Wu Bihu, Zhang Wenxia. Planned behavior or reasoned action? The study on Shanghai residents' suburban recreation behaviors[J]. Human Geography, 2017,32(6):137-145.]