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Current Issue

	2023 Vol.38 Issue.3,Published 2023-06-15

	THEORY DEVELOPMENT SOCIETY CULTURE ECONOMY CITY RURAL TOURISM BOOKREVIEW TERRITORIAL SPACE GOVERNANCE AND PLANNING

THEORY DEVELOPMENT

	1	URBAN-RURAL INTEGRATION SYSTEM: THEORY EXPLANATION, STRUCTURE AND OPERATION MECHANISM ANALYSIS
		DUAN Kai-feng, SHI Jian-gang, WU Guang-dong, XU Ke
		The urban-rural integration system is considered as the theoretical basis for a new understanding of modern urban-rural relationship. In order to deeply understand the complex process mechanism and organizational rules of urban-rural integration development, this paper theoretically explains the scientific connotation of urban-rural integration system and analyzes its structural characteristics and operation mechanism, from the perspective of system theory. First of all, based on the theory of man-land relationship areal system and the basic idea of urban-rural integration system design, the scientific connotation of urban-rural integration system is theoretically explained. Secondly, under the overall framework of sustainability science, the structure of urban-rural integration system is analyzed. Finally, the operation mechanism model of urbanrural integration system is constructed based on the main line of "elements → structure → function", and the dynamic mechanism and transmission mechanism of urban-rural integration system are analyzed. The research results are conductive to expanding the existing urban-rural areal system theory, and have certain theoretical reference value for the development of urban-rural integration theory and the orderly advancement of urban-rural integration in the new era.
		2023 Vol. 38 (3): 1-10,68 [Abstract] ( 88 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 10942KB] ( 718 )

	11	TOURISM DESTINATION EVOLUTION: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
		XU Yan, LU Lin
		Tourism destination evolution (TDE) is a classic topic in tourism geography. Taking the database of Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI, https://www.cnki.net/) and Web of Science (WoS, http://apps.webofknowledge.com) as data sources, this paper summarizes the basic situation of TDE research at home and abroad in the past 20 years. The results are as follows: 1) The number of published articles on TDE research shows a development process of slow growth (before 2008) -fluctuating growth (from 2009 to 2016) -rapid growth (from 2017 to now). 2) A small academic team in TDE research, which is centered on individual leading scholars and has geographical relations, has initially taken shape. At the international level, Professor Giorgio Anfuso is a leading figure who is committed to studying the evolution and development of coastal tourist destinations from the perspective of physical geography. 3) The existence of theoretical activity is to provide practitioners with thinking logic. Taking the juxtaposition and comparison of theoretical perspectives as the main line of action, this paper finds that there are two completely different research turns in TDE research. From the perspective of research, the research paradigm of taking the relationship between supply and demand of tourism as a clue and adopting single-line logic narration is increasingly questioned, and the dynamic and complex characteristics of the evolution of tourist destinations have attracted more and more researchers' attention. From the research content, the focus in TDE research is gradually shifting from focusing on explaining the origin and development process of tourism destinations, providing countermeasures, explanations and descriptive arguments, to focusing on analyzing the driving mechanism and complex social, economic and cultural effects behind the evolution of tourism destinations.
		2023 Vol. 38 (3): 11-20 [Abstract] ( 101 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3309KB] ( 1028 )

	21	RESEARCH PROGRESS ON EXTERNAL OPERATORS OF RURAL TOURISM: THE GENERAL LOGIC UNDER THE CONTEXT OF CHINESE SYSTEM
		WU Wen-zhi, QIAO Meng
		During the past 20 years of development experienced by rural tourism, there have been more and more external operators starting to engage in this sector. Playing an important role in the development of rural tourism in China, external operators exert a profound influence on rural economic and social development. Despite plenty of studies on rural tourism, there are still few studies on external operators. The following conclusions are drawn based on a study of 135 relevant literature sourced from authoritative databases. Through an in-depth explanation as to the motivation of external operators, the existing research has reached a certain consensus on the choice of business mode. Besides, the relevant studies have elaborated on the tendency shown by external operators in social communication, social responsibility and social governance, with in-depth studies conducted to explore their impact on rural industry and economic development, population structure and social relations, as well as cultural change. However, there is still little research on the economic and social attributes of external operators under the context of Chinese practicalities. There are not only few studies exploring the correlation between motivation, operation style and behavioral tendency of external operators, but also a lack of research on the influence of their transition and subdivision subject. It is further proposed in this study that the external operators have developed a unique social behavior tendency and influence in the process of conducting rural tourism business, which constitutes the logic of research on the rural tourism external operators with Chinese characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to focus future effort on the cross-cutting research of growth variables and the in-depth impact of external operators. Moreover, follow-up research should be conducted to reveal the relationship between external operators and the high-quality development of rural tourism. And attention shall also be paid to the profound influence of external operators on rural social development. With theoretical research as guidance, a win-win cooperation can be achieved for both external operators and rural tourism.
		2023 Vol. 38 (3): 21-28,191 [Abstract] ( 97 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 4502KB] ( 721 )

SOCIETY

	29	UNDERSTANDING NEIGHBORHOOD RHYTHM FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SPACE-TIME BEHAVIOR
		TA Na, CHAI Yan-wei
		We believe that time rhythm in the neighborhood is related to neighborhood vitality and significantly impacts social interaction and a sense of belonging. This paper explores the spatial, social, and emotional significance of neighborhood time rhythm on the construction of neighborhood living circles from a temporal-spatial behavioral perspective regarding neighborhood vitality, neighborhood belonging, and social interaction. Furthermore, based on the theoretical framework, this paper draws attention to the temporal dimensions of activities in and around neighborhoods. Based on an activity-travel survey in suburban Beijing in 2012, this paper explores residents' activity participation around neighborhoods and its influential factors from a time-geographic perspective. First, it investigates how residents participate in non-work out-of-home activities around neighborhoods, mainly how they conduct these activities during 24 hours. It finds that the overall level of neighborhood activities is relatively low. And there are temporal and spatial differentiation, activity type differentiation, and group differentiation in neighborhood time rhythm. Temporal differentiation is reflected in the change of rhythm of residents' activity time within a day and a week.
		2023 Vol. 38 (3): 29-36 [Abstract] ( 122 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 6647KB] ( 675 )

	37	AN INNOVATIVE SPATIO-TEMPORAL BEHAVIOR RESEARCH FRAMEWORK ON THE EFFECTS OF BUILT ENVIRONMENT ON HEALTH BEHAVIORS
		ZHOU Pei-ling, HU Zhen, LIU Kun
		The impact of built environment on individual health behaviors has been an important issue in urban geography for decades. This study considers the concept of project as a part of the spatio-temporal behavior approach to further understand the impacts of built environment on individual health behaviors. We first suggest transitions on research circumstance, approaches, and scales in current time geography studies, and then propose new analysis methods, new visualization methods and new index systems for spatiotemporal health behavior studies, by which a spatio-temporal behavior research framework is proposed. Based on this new framework, three future research directions are pointed out: First, the disparities between health projects and health behaviors; second, the role of built environment in the dynamic relationships between short-term and long-term project revision; third, the role of built environment in the negotiation between health project and other individual/organization projects. This study expands the scope of time geography in health behavior studies.
		2023 Vol. 38 (3): 37-46 [Abstract] ( 105 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 8103KB] ( 839 )

	47	HOW MEMORY ELEMENTS AND LIFE EXPERIENCES AFFECT TRAFFICKED CHILD SEEKING RELATIVES: A CASE STUDY BASED ON YANG, A TRAFFICKED CHILD WHO SUCCESSFULLY FOUND BACK HER RELATIVES
		Yu Yue, Li Gang, Jin An-nan, Huang Yu-shan, Wang Juan
		When trafficked children seeking their relatives, they usually recall their memories of their hometown, it is a process to establish the place attachment with their hometown and original family, and worth paying attention. We use case studies, text analysis and qualitative analysis，based on the information of child’s family search experience, and remote sensing images of the child's hometown, to explore the types and characteristics of child's hometown memory elements and her life experiences after being trafficked, and to reveal the impact on child to seeking her relatives. The results indicate that: 1) The life course of trafficked child mainly goes through two stages: before being trafficked and after being trafficked. 2) Before being trafficked, child's memories are mostly including daily life scenes and emotional memories, including local knowledge and family knowledge, to help identify the hometown and native family of trafficked child. 3) After child was trafficked, at first she lived in her adoptive family, then she got married and started living in her own family.
		2023 Vol. 38 (3): 47-57 [Abstract] ( 99 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 11009KB] ( 604 )

CULTURE

	58	THE LOGIC AND PRACTICE OF THE ORDER CONSTRUCTION OF EVENT SPACE BASED ON THE THEORY OF COMPLEX ADAPTIVE SYSTEM: A STUDY ON GUANGZHOU INTERNATIONAL LIGHTING FESTIVAL
		YIN Shu-hua, DAI Guang-quan
		Taking the Guangzhou International Lighting festival as an example, combined with the theory of a complex adaptive system, this paper points out that the festival is a complex adaptive system. Combined with the stimulus-response rules, this paper specifically analyzes the logic and practical content of the order construction of the festival organizer. Through conducting an in-depth review with the core members of festival organizations, as well as the acquisition of second-hand information from the Internet, we learned that the festival organizers and managers adopt five methods to improve and enhance the spatial order, they are spatial order location and layout, transportation order, information and propaganda order, environmental order and security order. According to CAS theory, to improve the adaptability of the festival organization and the orderly operation of the next festival, it is suggested that the festival organization should promote its adaptability, coordinate with the relationship between different stakeholders, improve the capacity of the spatial layout and design, and raise the service management. The research results of this paper will contribute to a deeper understanding of the design and management of event space, and provide a reference knowledge system and management mode for the same type of event operation.
		2023 Vol. 38 (3): 58-68 [Abstract] ( 86 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 6034KB] ( 831 )

	69	RESEARCH ON THE POST-DISASTER EMOTIONAL RECOVERY MECHANISM OF ETHNIC VILLAGE RESIDENTS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF REPRESENTATIONAL AND NON-REPRESENTATIONAL : A CASE STUDY OF BAOJING DONG VILLAGE
		ZHENG Chao, LI Rui, YANG Huo-mu, XIE Meng-yue, YIN Hong-mei, QIN Ying
		This paper explores the bodily practices, representation constructions, and performance processes of ethnic village residents in post-disaster emotional recovery using the framework of human emotions theory and the perspectives of representational and non-representational analysis within cultural geography. The study found that: 1) Individual bodily practices, driven by emotional arousal, contribute to reshaping the material space of the home and the placement of bodies and objects, thus promoting the initial recovery of emotions and the emotional healing of the home in disaster-affected residents. 2) Families affected by disaster dissolve the emotional disconnect and discomfort of the post-disaster home through daily life and livelihood recovery practices, leading to the rebuilding of the dynamic space of the home, the continuing of the emotional meaning of the home, and enhancing the level of emotional recovery. 3) The creation of a collective community participation atmosphere in ethnic festival rituals builds the space for individual and group interaction, highlighting the cultural nature of the festival rituals, generating cultural identity.
		2023 Vol. 38 (3): 69-78,91 [Abstract] ( 69 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 26596KB] ( 550 )

TERRITORIAL SPACE GOVERNANCE AND PLANNING

	79	SPATIO-TEMPORAL PATTERN, INFLUENCING MECHANISMS AND OPTIMIZATION STRATEGIES OF RURAL RESTRUCTURING FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF TERRITORIAL SPATIAL GOVERNANCE: A CASE OF GUIZHOU PROVINCE
		CUI Hai-yang, XU Gui-feng, YU Hu
		Clarifying the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and laws of rural restructuring is the basic project of territorial spatial governance and an important basis for optimizing the spatial layout of territorial land. Based on the theory of regional system of man-land relationship, this article analyzes the spatialtemporal evolution characteristics and influencing mechanisms of rural development and restructuring in Guizhou Province from the perspective of territorial spatial governance using entropy method and GeoDetector, and explores the optimization path of regional rural spatial governance. The result shows that: 1) Rural development in GuiZhou is in the transition stage from homogeneity to heterogeneity, and its development index shows a trend of rising and then falling while the high-value areas are stably distributed in the central part of the province. 2) There is a trend of heterogeneous restructuring in rural areas but the overall restructuring index is low, and the character of rural restructuring is dominated by social change with continued economic growth and relatively lagging spatial utilization. 3) From the results of GeoDetector model, rural restructuring is influenced by the interaction of multiple factors, among which poverty governance or urbanization-led interaction factors have the highest influence on rural restructuring.
		2023 Vol. 38 (3): 79-91 [Abstract] ( 98 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 21265KB] ( 555 )

	92	RESILIENT CITY PLANNING IN THE CONTEXT OF SPATIAL GOVERNANCE: THE INTEGRATION OF CONCEPT AND PRACTICE APPROACHES
		GAN Jing, LING Yun
		In the context of spatial planning system reform, improving urban resilience has become a significant value for spatial governance. This research analyzes the current status of resilience concept in the municipal spatial planning of 30 selected cities from the aspects of the application level, orientation and dimension of urban resilience. Through the analysis of the publicized planning documents, this research identifies the application characteristics of resilience concept in spatial planning of different cities and proposes the integration of resilience concept and practice approaches into spatial planning based on the governance targets, tasks and subjects of spatial resilience. The result shows that resilience concept has been widely used in spatial plans, changing from traditional disaster prevention and mitigation to the resilience governance. However, there are still deficiencies of application width and depth. Firstly, there is little comprehensive concern on the type of security risks in the plans. Secondly, integration mechanism and characteristics of multisystem planning elements have not been expressed clearly in the planning documents. Thirdly, collaborative governance model based on multi-agent perception, analysis, and decision for security risks is not well considered. According to the requirements of spatial planning, this research discusses the approaches to integrate resilience concept into the municipal spatial planning from three aspects. Firstly, resilient thoughts should be integrated in the life-cycle process based on the governance characteristics of multiple risks. Secondly, multisystem elements reflecting complex governance tasks should be integrated in resilient planning. Thirdly, resilient governance subjects with multi-models should be integrated into the transformation of collaborative governance system.
		2023 Vol. 38 (3): 92-99 [Abstract] ( 149 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 5225KB] ( 1408 )

	100	RURAL SPATIAL GOVERNANCE IN METROPOLIS BASED ON IAD THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK: A CASE OF LANGXIA TOWN, JINSHAN DISTRICT OF SHANGHAI
		GU Xiao-kun, LI Xiao-tian, LIU Jing
		Rural areas in metropolis faces the most severe multi-functional spatial conflict since they are more strongly affected by urbanization than the general rural area. The governance action integrating "PlanningConsolidation-Operation" is the core of the whole theoretical framework, which is defined as the planning stage, consolidation stage and operation stage. The Langxia town in Jinshan district of Shanghai has practiced the spatial governance from the blueprint of rural unit planning, the comprehensive land consolidation in the whole town area, and then to the realization of land value by rural operation. The results shows that the spatial governance of rural area in metropolis not only requires independent spatial planning, comprehensive renovation and rural operation, but also emphasizes the systematic integration of the whole governance process from drawing a blueprint, implementation path to value realization.
		2023 Vol. 38 (3): 100-107 [Abstract] ( 100 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 7304KB] ( 1558 )

CITY

	108	RESEARCH ON SPATIAL CONNECTION AND STRUCTURE OF CHINESE URBAN NETWORK BASED ON ADVANCED MANUFACTURING INVESTMENT
		MA Xue-guang, ZHANG Zhao, JIANG Ce
		Advanced manufacturing industry is the main body of the real economy, the carrier of scientific and technological innovation and the basis for concentrating the most active innovation fields and applying innovation to practice. Developing the advanced manufacturing industry is the starting point for implementing the innovation driven development strategy and enhancing national competitiveness, determining the direction of urban development, and playing an important role in depicting the spatial relationship of Chinese cities. This paper uses spatial analysis method and social network analysis method to build China's urban network based on capital flow, and analyzes China's urban network from the aspects of spatial form, overall connection and local connection, so as to draw new findings different from other research perspectives, and provide relevant reference for the spatial layout and development of advanced manufacturing. The research shows that: Firstly, in terms of spatial form, the Chinese urban network based on the advanced manufacturing investment is highly concentrated on the east side of the Hu Line. Secondly, in terms of overall connection, the change trend of China's advanced manufacturing industry investment contact and amount in spatial distance is generally consistent, and the investment connection between cities is mainly concentrated in the distance section of 0-1500 km, accounting for 83.93% and 87.58% respectively. Thirdly, in terms of local links, the complicated and networked investment links have been formed among urban agglomerations and the main structure of the investment network has been constructed, which shows the dual characteristics of medium and long distance directivity and medium and short distance proximity investment links.
		2023 Vol. 38 (3): 108-117,154 [Abstract] ( 91 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 69184KB] ( 543 )

	118	SPATIAL-TEMPORAL EVOLUTION OF REGIONAL ECONOMY IN INTER-PROVINCIAL BOUNDARY OF URBAN AGGLOMERATION
		ZENG Peng, DUAN Zhi-cheng, WEI Xu
		At present, China's economy has transformed from a stage of rapid growth to a stage of highquality development. The comprehensive index system of the economic development level of the interprovincial boundary region is constructed, and the comprehensive index of the economic development of each district and county in the interprovincial boundary region of Chinese urban agglomeration is calculated by factor analysis and other methods. Then, through visual processed by origin software, ESDA analysis method and GIS are used to analyze the spatial difference and spatial-temporal evolution of the economic development pattern of the interprovincial boundary regions of Urban agglomerations in China. Finally, geographical detector model is used to analyze the influencing factors of the economic development of the interprovincial boundary regions of urban agglomerations. The results show that:1) The decline process of relative disparity of economic development is faster than that of absolute disparity; 2) There is a strong positive correlation between the level of economic development and the degree of local correlation between provincial boundary regions of urban agglomeration; 3) The local spatial correlation degree of inter-provincial boundary regions of urban agglomerations showed a slow upward trend of decreasing cold spots and increasing hot spots and subhot spots, 4) Provincial boundary regions of urban agglomeration mostly rely on fixed asset investment and government financial expenditure to maintain regional economic development, and reflect the realistic dilemma of limited number of large-scale enterprises and weak regional radiation effect.
		2023 Vol. 38 (3): 118-127 [Abstract] ( 81 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 15718KB] ( 555 )

	128	RESEARCH ON THE SHRINKING EFFECT AND MECHANISM OF BASIC PUBLIC SERVICE EQUALIZATION IN SHRINKING CITIES OF THREE PROVINCES IN NORTHEAST CHINA
		LIU Ju, SUN Ping-jun
		Urban shrinkage is a new phenomenon in the current process of rapid urbanization in China. Whether it will have an impact on the implementation of the "people-oriented" new urbanization strategy and the implementation of national land and space planning, and how to respond, has become a key scientific issue to be resolved as a priority in the implementation of high-quality development at the national and local levels in the new era. Based on this, this paper selects three provinces in Northeast China with typical urban shrinkage phenomenon and the most concentrated shrinking cities on the core topic of equalization of basic public services, and carries out the diagnosis of shrinking city effect and the empirical verification of development stage, shrinkage type and spatial distribution. The results show that: 1) The 15 shrinking cities in northeast China show an obvious shrinking effect of basic public service equalization, and the score decreases with the evolution of shrinking development stage, and different development stages show the common characteristics, the level of medical hygiene equality is the lowest and the level of environmental protection equality is the highest. 2) Spatially, it shows the spatial division of "high in the south and low in the north, high in the middle and low in the side"; 3) The evaluation of the basic public services equalization is a result of the comprehensive balance between the total index and per capita index, the "stock" and the "variable" index.
		2023 Vol. 38 (3): 128-137,181 [Abstract] ( 103 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 23184KB] ( 818 )

ECONOMY

	138	THE CO-EVOLUTION AND INOVATION MECHANISM OF INDUSTRIAL CLUSTERS IN OLD REVOLUTIONARY BASE AREAS: A CASE STUDY OF FURNITURE INDUSTRY CLUSTER IN NANKANG, JIANGXI
		HUANG Ying-min, HUANG Geng-zhi, LIU Jia-yu, LIAO Wang, ZOU Xiao-hua
		However, the academic study had not paid sufficient attention to the evolution path and dynamic mechanism of industrial clusters in ORBA. Based on the theoretical perspective of co-evolution, this paper constructs an analysis framework of "institution-enterprise-network-technology-space", and uses qualitative research methods such as participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and literature analysis to explore the evolution path and dynamic mechanism of Nankang furniture industry cluster, which locates in the South of Jiangxi ORBA. The research found that the evolution of Nankang furniture industry cluster in Jiangxi has experienced three stages: Path creation (1993—2006), path growth (2006—2016) and new path creation (2016 —present), which respectively promoted the initial development of traditional industries, cluster development and high-quality development. Regional culture and entrepreneurship, market network and national policies, technological innovation and globalization forces are the main driving forces for the three stages of cluster evolution.
		2023 Vol. 38 (3): 138-145 [Abstract] ( 98 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 7895KB] ( 1262 )

	146	RESEARCH ON OUTWARD FOREIGN DIRECTED INVESTMENT (OFDI) LOCATION CHOICES AND DETERMINANTS OF PRIVATE ENTERPRISES IN JIANGSU PROVINCE
		XU Hai-ying, ZHOU Chao, REN Qi-long, SHI Fei, MAO Guang-xiong, LU Yong
		This paper investigates the OFDI location and the determinants of private enterprises in Jiangsu Province. We use social network analysis method to examine the evolution characteristics of the OFDI network of 147 private enterprises in Jiangsu Province over the year of 2015 and 2019. This paper argues that the location choice of Chinese enterprises' OFDI is a self-selection process with multiple factors jointly constraining and matching regulation. This paper emphasizes the interaction of host country location advantages, enterprises' investment motives and heterogeneity, affecting enterprises' OFDI location choice. The data for the sample in this paper comes from China Stock Market & Accounting Research Database, the data on FDI and OFDI flow from the Statistical Yearbook, and the data on host countries from the Global Governance Report and WDI. There are some findings in this paper as follows: 1) The OFDI network of private enterprises in Jiangsu Province shows a trend of spatial expansion and diversification, reflecting the complexity of location selection mechanisms. 2) The OFDI driven paths of private enterprises in Jiangsu Province are grouped into three categories: 'Advantage seeking under institutional motives', 'natural resource seeking for high productivity enterprises' and 'market seeking for internationally experienced enterprises'.
		2023 Vol. 38 (3): 146-154 [Abstract] ( 96 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 11230KB] ( 584 )

RURAL

	155	ANALYSIS ON THE URBANIZATION MECHANISM OF NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PARKS UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF THE GOVERNMENT
		YI Chun, AN Chuan-yan, LI Tong-sheng, ZHAI Zhou-yan
		Based on the spatial production theory, this study adopts the executive analysis method to study the urbanization process of the core area of Dingxi national agricultural science and technology park in Gansu province, finds that: 1) Under the guidance of national policies, the space of the core area has experienced the transformation process of "rurality-semi-urbanization-urbanization". 2) The urbanization of the park is the result of spatial practice and spatial governance under the leadership of the government. The discourse power generated by the spatial identification of "National Agricultural Science and Technology Park" drives the inflow of production factors such as capital, technology, information, and pushes the rural area where it is located to constantly become "urbanized", showing the "mixed mechanism" effect of "plan + market" under the guidance of Chinese policies. 3) The internal mechanism of park urbanization lies in the power effect generated by the spatial discourse constructed in the process of space production. The research has important significance and research value for understanding the reconstruction of Chinese social space.
		2023 Vol. 38 (3): 155-163 [Abstract] ( 108 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 5234KB] ( 665 )

TOURISM

	164	URBAN TOURISM SENTIMENT SPATIAL DETECTION BASED ON STREET VIEW PHOTOS
		LU Huan, YANG Miao-tian, ZHANG Yan-yan, LI Jun-yi
		Under the paradigm of pictorial urbanism, street view photos have become a new type of big data technique for tourists to perceive the urban environment. However, due to technical limitations, tourism sentiment researches based on photos are still at the preliminary exploration stage. This paper introduces a deep learning model in order to measure the tourism emotions of street view photos by the computer vision. It empirically analyses the emotional spatial characteristics of typical tourist blocks in Xi'an. It shows the deep learning model can accurately detect the spatial characteristics of urban tourism emotions using street view photos as a data source; the positive emotions and negative emotions of typical tourist blocks in Xi'an show different types of agglomeration patterns; the tourism emotions inside typical tourist blocks in Xi'an show complex and diverse characteristics. It is found that although the Bell and Drum Tower region, Xiaozhai region and Qujiang region are three different types of tourism blocks, the tourism emotion space detection results have the following commonalities: 1) The positive emotional space is mainly concentrated around the main road, universities, shopping malls or scenic spots and their surrounding areas; 2) The positive emotional space is slightly different with different functional zones and different emotional types; 3) The distribution of negative emotional space is more obvious than that of the positive emotional space. From the results of emotion space exploration, it reflects the interaction and mutual influence of people, environment and emotion from the perspective of emotional geography.
		2023 Vol. 38 (3): 164-172 [Abstract] ( 104 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 14223KB] ( 678 )

	173	HOSPITABLE HOST: EXPLORING THE RESIDENTS’HELPING BEHAVIOR TO TOURIST
		DONG Nan, BAI Chang-hong, TUO Yan-zheng
		The helping behavior of destination resident to tourist is a hospitable behavior of resident between host-guest interaction, which is important to establish a friendly tourism destination. However, the existing researches have a lack of to identify what the helping behavior of resident is and how the tourist could be helped. This paper adopts the grounded theory to explore these questions, and finds that the helping behavior of resident includes guiding help, participatory help and alternative help. The process mechanism of helping behavior is under the logic of situational judgment-tourist identity-help implementation, meanwhile, the personal characteristics play a two-way regulatory role in this process. Moreover, the results of resident's helping behavior are reputation accumulation, impression improvement, experience improvement and trust enhancement.The paper explores the types of destination resident's helping behavior to tourist, analyzes the process of how the resident helped the tourist, and establishes the relationship between destination resident's helping behavior and host-guest relationship. This paper explores the host-guest interaction from the theoretical perspective of inter-group helping behavior, that is, the destination resident act as the host (helper) of the inner group, the tourist act as the guest (receiver) of the outer group, in this way, the destination resident’s helping behavior is under the influence of the inner-group identity. It also enriches the research content of helping behavior, and could provide some theoretical reference for the discussion of the encounter process of helping behavior in other situations. The practical suggestions on how to encourage destination residents' helping behavior to promote the high-quality development of local tourism are also discussed.
		2023 Vol. 38 (3): 173-181 [Abstract] ( 108 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2305KB] ( 832 )

	182	VITALITY EVALUATION OF NIGHTTIME CULTURAL TOURISM CONSUMER AREAS AND THEIR INFLUENCING FACTORS: YANGTZE RIVER DELTA URBAN AGGLOMERATION
		LI Yuan, ZOU Yong-guang, YANG Yong, WU Pei
		To promote high-quality development of the nighttime economy and recovery of culture tourism consumption, it is necessary to analyze time-spatial disparity and the influencing factors in consumption areas of nighttime cultural tourism. After constructing a measurement index using the Baidu index, nighttime light index, and POI and weighting the influencing factors with fsQCA, we calculated the vitality of 19 nighttime cultural tourism consumer areas in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration and identified their influencing factors. The following findings emerged. 1) The vitality level of nighttime cultural tourism consumer areas in that agglomeration broadly presented a low spatial distribution in the center and high distribution in the periphery. Consumer areas located in first-tier and new first-tier cities, such as Shanghai and Nanjing, generally had greater vitality than second- and third-tier cities. 2) The vitality of consumer areas was mostly higher in summer than in winter; the vitality of neighborhood-type consumer areas was generally greater than that of scenic-type consumer areas. 3) The vitality differences in the consumer areas in the urban agglomeration were the result of multiple factors; they can be summarized as follows: Powerful economic development; promoting spatial access; excellent architectural environment; weak crowd flows; and restrictive consumption environment.
		2023 Vol. 38 (3): 182-191 [Abstract] ( 98 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 12621KB] ( 712 )

BOOKREVIEW

	192	Honestly Show the “Backstage” of Doing Research: A Book Review of “Introduction to New Cultural Geography Literature”
		Xie Ji

		2023 Vol. 38 (3): 192-192 [Abstract] ( 90 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 943KB] ( 681 )

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