城市治理问题的空间识别与影响因素研究&mdash;&mdash;基于武汉城市留言板数据的探索

高喆; 李昱霄; 姜文珺; 顾江

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2023.01.010

PDF(18194 KB)

人文地理 ›› 2023, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1) : 79-86. DOI: 10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2023.01.010

城市

城市治理问题的空间识别与影响因素研究——基于武汉城市留言板数据的探索

高喆^1,2, 李昱霄², 姜文珺², 顾江^1,2

作者信息 +

RESEARCH ON SPATIAL IDENTIFICATION AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF URBAN GOVERNANCE PROBLEMS: AN EXPLORATION BASED ON CITY MESSAGE BOARD DATA OF WUHAN

GAO Zhe^1,2, LI Yu-xiao², JIANG Wen-jun², GU Jiang^1,2

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

电子政务平台用户数据为认知城市问题、开展空间治理提供了新路径。研究以武汉市为例，以日常治理问题为对象，基于留言板数据及自然语言处理技术，提出城市治理问题空间识别方法，利用空间自相关和负二项回归分析，探究治理问题空间特征及影响因素。研究发现：①治理问题热点区集中于开发区及新旧城区交界，冷点区集中于老城核心地带；②社会交互因素上，老年群体在线上治理中存在“失语”现象，高学历群体更重视多元包容类问题表达；③地理因素上，人口密度增加并不必然导致城市治理问题增加，为高密度城市实现高质量治理提供依据。

Abstract

City message boards and similar e-government platforms are playing an increasingly important role in urban governance. Taking urban everyday governance as the research object, this study classifies urban problems into four types, namely urban safety, diversity tolerance, living comfort, and ecological livability and proposes a method for spatial identification of urban governance problems based on Natural language processing (NLP) technology and Wuhan's city message board data. The findings show that: 1) Four types of governance problems including urban safety, diversity tolerance, living comfort, and ecological livability all have hot spots. 2) Cold spots of comfortable life problems and diversity tolerance problems are witnessed, mainly located in the core area of the old city. 3) In terms of social-interactive factors, there is a significant difference in the discursive power between children and the elderly. 4) In terms of geographic factors, the rise in population density does not necessarily lead to increasing urban governance problems, which provides evidence for the high-quality governance of high-density cities. 5) Owing to the trend of concurrently developing urban construction and urban quality, the effects of environmental factors on the spatial pattern of urban problems are more complicated than a simple linear relationship.

导出引用

高喆, 李昱霄, 姜文珺, 顾江. 城市治理问题的空间识别与影响因素研究——基于武汉城市留言板数据的探索[J]. 人文地理. 2023, 38(1): 79-86 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2023.01.010

GAO Zhe, LI Yu-xiao, JIANG Wen-jun, GU Jiang. RESEARCH ON SPATIAL IDENTIFICATION AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF URBAN GOVERNANCE PROBLEMS: AN EXPLORATION BASED ON CITY MESSAGE BOARD DATA OF WUHAN[J]. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2023, 38(1): 79-86 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2023.01.010

中图分类号： K901

参考文献

[1] 郭文. 空间认同:城市空间研究转向中的知识前沿、趋势与启发[J]. 地理科学, 2019, 39(4):587-595.[Guo Wen. Spatial identity:Knowledge frontiers, trends and enlightenment of urban space research[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2019,39(4):587-595.]
[2] 叶超,于洁,张清源,等.从治理到城乡治理:国际前沿、发展态势与中国路径[J]. 地理科学进展,2021,40(1):15-27.[Ye Chao, Yu Jie, Zhang Qingyuan, et al. From governance to urban and rural governance:International frontier, development trend and China's path[J]. Progress in Geography, 2021,40(1):15-27.]
[3] 刘志敏,叶超.社会-生态韧性视角下城乡治理的逻辑框架[J].地理科学进展,2021,40(1):95-103.[Liu Zhimin, Ye Chao. The logical framework of urban and rural governance from the perspective of social-ecological resilience[J]. Progress in Geography, 2021,40(1):95-103.]
[4] 方亚琴,申会霞.社区社会组织在社区治理中的作用[J].城市问题, 2019(3):77-83.[Fang Yaqin, Shen Huixia. The role of community social organization in community governance[J]. Urban Problems, 2019(3):77-83.]
[5] Liu T, Wang Y, Li H, et al. China's low-carbon governance at community level:A case study in Min'an community, Beijing[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021,311:127530. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0959652621017492.doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127530.
[6] Ye C, Liu Z M. Rural-urban co-governance:Multi-scale practice[J]. Science Bulletin, 2020,65(10):778-780.
[7] Ansell C, Gash A. Collaborative governance in theory and practice[J]. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 2008, 18(4):543-571.
[8] 王波,卢佩莹,甄峰.智慧社会下的城市地理学研究:基于居民活动的视角[J]. 地理研究,2018,37(10):2075-2086.[Wang Bo, Lu Peiying, Zhen Feng. Urban geography research in the e-society:A perspective from human activity[J]. Geographical Research, 2018, 37(10):2075-2086.]
[9] 张姗琪,甄峰,秦萧,等. 面向城市社区规划的参与式感知与计算——概念模型与技术框架[J]. 地理研究,2020,39(7):1580-1591.[Zhang Shanqi, Zhen Feng, Qin Xiao, et al. The conceptual model and technical framework of participatory sensing and computing for urban community planning[J]. Geographical Research, 2020,39(7):1580-1591.]
[10] 秦萧,甄峰,魏宗财.未来城市研究范式探讨——数据驱动亦或人本驱动[J].地理科学,2019,39(1):31-40.[Qin Xiao, Zhen Feng, Wei Zongcai. The discussion of urban research in the future:Data driven or human-oriented driven[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2019, 39(1):31-40.]
[11] O'Brien D T, Gordon E, Baldwin J. Caring about the community, counteracting disorder:311 reports of public problems as expressions of territoriality[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2014,40:320-330.
[12] O'Brien D T. Custodians and custodianship in urban neighborhoods:A methodology using reports of public problems received by a city's 311 hotline[J]. Environment and Behavior, 2015,47(3):304-327.
[13] Minkoff S L. NYC 311:A tract-level analysis of citizen-government contacting in New York city[J]. Urban Affairs Review, 2016, 52(2):211-246.
[14] O'Brien D T, Sampson R J, Winship C. Ecometrics in the age of big data:Measuring and assessing "broken windows" using large-scale administrative records[J]. Sociological Methodology, 2015,45(1):101-147.
[15] Legewie J, Schaeffer M. Contested boundaries:Explaining where ethnoracial diversity provokes neighborhood conflict[J]. American Journal of Sociology, 2016,122(1):125-161.
[16] Brazil N. The unequal spatial distribution of city government fines:The case of parking tickets in Los Angeles[J]. Urban Affairs Review, 2020,56(3):823-856.
[17] Solymosi R, Bowers K J, Fujiyama T. Crowdsourcing subjective perceptions of neighbourhood disorder:Interpreting bias in open data[J]. The British Journal of Criminology, 2018,58(4):944-967.
[18] Liu Y, Cheshire L, Wang S, et al. A socio-spatial analysis of neighbour complaints using large-scale administrative data:The case in Brisbane, Australia[J]. Cities, 2019,90:168-180.
[19] Liu Y, Wang S, Cheshire L. The problems with neighbors:An examination of the influence of neighborhood context using large-scale administrative data[J/OL]. Urban Affairs Review, 2021:10780874211042811. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/10780874211042811.
[20] 李少温,卢会林.差异性视角下公众行为特征对政府回应的影响研究——基于人民网地方政府留言板的实例分析[J]. 统计与管理,2021,36(4):76-81.[Li Shaowen, Lu Huilin. Research on the influence of characteristics of public behavior on government responses from a differentiated perspective:Based on the case study of the local government message board on the People's Daily Online[J]. Statistics and Management, 2021,36(4):76-81.]
[21] 张延吉. 公众规划价值观的差序格局——基于城市规划领域中公众留言的内容分析[J]. 城市规划,2019,43(8):108-116.[Zhang Yanji. Grade structure of public planning values:Based on content analysis of public messages in the field of urban planning[J]. City Planning Review, 2019,43(8):108-116.]
[22] 于怡鑫,申峥峥,郝琦.我国当前城市治理问题的研究主题及其研究进展——基于文献计量法的分析[J].上海城市管理,2014,23(6):53-59.[Yu Yixin, Shen Zhengzheng, Hao Qi. Research topics and research progress of urban management in China[J]. Shanghai Urban Management, 2014,23(6):53-59.]
[23] Overmars K P, De Koning G H J, Veldkamp A. Spatial autocorrelation in multi-scale land use models[J]. Ecological modelling, 2003, 164(2/3):257-270.
[24] Galster G C. The mechanism(s) of neighbourhood effects:Theory, evidence, and policy implications[M]//Ham M, Manley D, Bailey N, et al. Neighbourhood Effects Research:New Perspectives. Dordrecht:Springer, 2012:23-56.
[25] Cheshire L, Fitzgerald R, Liu Y. Neighbourhood change and neighbour complaints:How gentrification and densification influence the prevalence of problems between neighbours[J]. Urban Studies, 2019,56(6):1093-1112.
[26] McFarlane C. De/re-densification:A relational geography of urban density[J]. City, 2020,24(1/2):314-324.
[27] Chen H Y, Chowdhury R, McFarlane C, et al. Introduction:Rethinking urban density[J]. Urban Geography, 2020,41(10):1241-1246.
[28] 张博,邓浩坤,安宁,等.大数据背景下国内人文地理研究进展与方法审视[J]. 人文地理,2019,34(3):14-21,90.[Zhang Bo, Deng Haokun, An Ning, et al. The re-examination of human geography research and the research methods in the context of big data[J]. Human Geography, 2019,34(3):14-21,90.]