随着城市发展机制的不断复杂化,各种不同类型的绅士化现象亦不断涌现,并表现出新的空间特征与社会影响。文章对传统绅士化、新建绅士化、乡村绅士化、学生绅士化四种类型绅士化现象的起源、概念及社会影响进行了引介与综述。本文基于广州发生绅士化的六个社区的调研数据,对上述四类绅士化进行分析探讨。研究发现,广州的多类绅士化现象与西方基本类似,但也表现出内在的特征及差异性,体现了中国城市发展模式和机制的特殊性。

This paper is based on a large-scale questionnaire survey (837 questionnaires in total) conducted in six communities, representing four different forms of gentrification, namely classic gentrification, new-build gentrification, rural gentrification and studentification. The questionnaire contains questions concerning respondents' economic and financial status, socio-demographic characteristics, housing conditions, occupational status, and socializing patterns. The finding shows distinctive characteristics of various forms of gentrification in transitional period in China. Yaohua Community is basically in accord with the model of classic gentrification, but the gentrifiers in Yaohua usually do not possess property rights. Studentifiers in Nanting and Beiting, like their counterparts in the Western context, show a low level of capital, although most of them are from middle class family background. Residents in new-build developments like Henbao and Baoshengyuan possess the highest level of capital among all four types of gentrifiers. Their investment initiative is strong and they also show apparent middle class cultural identity. Avant-garde artists in Xiaozhou village are of the lowest degree of capital, and the village itself has not yet intensely become the target of middle class cultural consumption. Displacement has taken place in the processes of classic gentrification and new-build gentrification, and it has not yet been observed in other two types.