"离土不离乡"是我国乡镇企业发展初期提出的一项总战略,其实质是农村剩余劳动力在没有空间迁移的情况下进行产业转换。本文从理论和实践两方面论证了空间迁移与产业转换之间的关系,指出在乡镇企业已经有了很大发展的今天,应适时调整这项战略,变"离土不离乡"为"先离土后离乡",即引导有条件的乡镇企业向中小城镇集聚,以取得规模经济效益与集聚经济效益,并由此而完成乡镇企业向现代化企业的转化。

Proposed by the national government at the beginning of 80s, the policy of "leaving the land but not the countryside" reflects the development strategy of the township enterprises of China. It means that the farmers can do nonfarming work in township enterprises but are not allowed to move to cities. From the viewpoint of economic theory and practice, the author points out the need for a change of the policy into "leaving the land first and then the countryside." This means good township enterprises should be allowed to moue to cities to get the benefit of scale economy and space concentration, and only by this way, can township enterprises turn into modern enterprises gradually.