21世纪被联合国称为"海洋世纪",海洋已成为国际竞争的主要领域。随着实体物流的增加,货流对城市所带来的交通拥堵、环境污染等负面影响也日益显现。因此在上海大力建设国际航运中心过程中,要由以工业经济为基础的实体枢纽港建设向以知识经济为基础的虚体海洋知识枢纽转变。归纳了全球海洋知识枢纽的内涵、特征和服务范围,以伦敦、挪威、新加坡为三种类型,总结了发达国家建设海洋知识枢纽的经验和原则,提出上海建设全球海洋知识枢纽的战略选择,认为要以建设全球海洋知识枢纽为切入点,一方面要发展航运金融、海上保险等高端航运服务业,另一方面也可以利用雄厚的制造业基础和技术创新能力,大力发展海洋研发,鼓励船舶技术转让、技术开发和与之相关的船舶技术咨询、技术服务等。

21 century was called the "Maritime Century" by the United Nations. Maritime has become a major area of international competition. Recently, the focus of world shipping has transferred to Asia, especially to China. In 2010, the container throughout of Shanghai port reached 29.05 million TEUs and the cargo throughout reached 650 million tons. Both of the numbers are the biggest in the world. But in order to build the international shipping center, Shanghai should be the global maritime knowledge hub. This paper summarizes the content and features of the global maritime knowledge hub. The global maritime knowledge hub is based on research and invention, through venture capital and investment, combining the ocean, knowledge and technology into creating high value shipping services. The global maritime knowledge hub is a cradle of marine knowledge, a collecting and distributing center of marine knowledge and the world center of marine rules. London is good at high-end maritime services such as ship finance, ship broking and insurance which are based on maritime knowledge. Norway wants to develop marine researches because its marine engineering industrial basement is very excellent. Singapore wants to promote the high-end maritime services and marine researches. The three port-cities choose different models because their basements are different. Then analyzes the basement and feasibility of Shanghai to be the global maritime knowledge hub. Recently, Shanghai has paid more emphasis to high-end maritime services and some ship finance, ship broking and insurance institutions were founded. Many experts argued Shanghai should learn from London, but this paper believes Shanghai should learn from Singapore. Shanghai is in the process development of International Shipping Center, in addition to learn the London model to develop the shipping finance, shipping insurance and so on, and also should develop the marine research because Shanghai has a strong manufacturing base and technological innovation capacity.