以湖北省公安县为研究区域,采取地理加权回归模型(GWR)以及构建综合影响分析模型,借助Arc GIS10.0空间分析功能,选取影响农村居民点用地分布的地形、河流、交通、人口密度、基本农田、水源保护区、自然保护区作为地理影响因子,分析每类因子影响下的公安县农村居民点用地空间异质性,以及各类因子对用地分布的综合影响程度。结果表明:①地形、河流、交通、人口密度、基本农田、水源保护区、自然保护区等地理因子深刻影响公安县农村居民点用地分布;②从地理因子的综合影响来看,公安县农村居民点用地可划分为极度影响、重度影响、中度影响、低度影响、较弱影响5种类型区;③未来农村居民点的用地整理与居民点布局的调整需要充分考虑各类地理因子的影响及其综合作用,促进农村居民点用地的集约、节约利用。

This paper tries to take the Gong'an County of Hubei Province as a study object, geographical weighted regression model and comprehensive effect analysis model as analytical model, using Arc GIS10.0spatial analysis function, select several geographical factors that impact the rural residential distribution, to analyze the spatial heterogeneity of rural residential distribution of Gong'an County, and the comprehensive impact of these factors. The results show that: 1) the terrain, river, traffic, population density, basic farmland,water source protection areas, nature reserves have profound influences upon the rural residential distribution in Gong'an County; 2) judging from the comprehensive influences of these factors, rural residential lands of Gong'an County can be divided into five types of districts; 3) To promote rural residential lands intensive,efficient use, and improve agricultural production and living conditions, rural ecological environment, the government should fully take the influences of various types of geographical factors and their comprehensive function into account in the future.