游客记忆视角的景观关注度研究&mdash;&mdash;以黄山风景区为例

廖启鹏; 刘超; 李维

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2019.06.015

PDF(1871 KB)

人文地理 ›› 2019, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6) : 129-135. DOI: 10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2019.06.015

旅游

游客记忆视角的景观关注度研究——以黄山风景区为例

廖启鹏¹, 刘超², 李维³

作者信息 +

RESEARCH ON LANDSCAPE ATTENTION FROM TOURISTS' MEMORY PERSPECTIVE: A CASE STUDY OF HUANGSHAN SCENIC AREA

LIAO Qi-peng¹, LIU Chao², Li Wei³

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

记忆是表现空间和地方重要的积极要素，在人与地方的关系建立中起着关键作用。文章以网络游记为数据源，基于游客记忆开展景观关注度研究，提出游客景点记忆衰减的概念模型。为景区发展、旅游消费提供理论指导，从旅游产业角度回应“美好生活需求”。研究发现：①10%的景点数量占据了94%的记忆份额；②能成为游客群体共同记忆的景点不多，黄山风景区有名字的299个景点中被游记记载的篇均次大于1的只有10个；③新世纪黄山风景区的山峰类景观点是游客记忆的核心，由游记高频词汇概括出的黄山“新五绝”为名峰、奇松、怪石、云海、日出；④景点关闭轮休导致其关注度下降，说明游览体验是游客景点记忆的重要影响因素。此外，黄山风景区的案例研究，印证了游客景观认知—记忆—表达过程中景观数量大幅衰减的规律。

Abstract

Landscape memory is an important field of cultural geography and plays a key role in the establishment of the relationship between people and places. In the process of tourism, tourists' memory of destination landscape is the subjective image formed from the objective unfamiliar environment on the basis of pre-tour cognition and tour experience. The exploration of tourists' landscape memory is helpful to find out tourists' preferences, shape and project the destination image that suits the public demand. In this paper, a conceptual model of memory attenuation of tourist attractions is proposed, that is, "objective scene-perceptual image-memory image-expressive image". The study found that: 1) 10% of the number of scenic spots accounted for 94% of the memory share; 2) There are not many scenic spots that can be remembered by tourists. Among 299 scenic spots with names in Huangshan scenic area, only 10 spots are recorded by travel notes more than once in average; 3) Peaks are the core of the tourists' memory in Huangshan scenic area.And "five new wonders" of Huangshan can be summarized from travel notes: famous peaks, Huangshan pines, strange stones, sea of clouds and sunrise. 4) Scenic spot closure rotation led to a decline in attention.

导出引用

廖启鹏, 刘超, 李维. 游客记忆视角的景观关注度研究——以黄山风景区为例[J]. 人文地理. 2019, 34(6): 129-135 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2019.06.015

LIAO Qi-peng, LIU Chao, Li Wei. RESEARCH ON LANDSCAPE ATTENTION FROM TOURISTS' MEMORY PERSPECTIVE: A CASE STUDY OF HUANGSHAN SCENIC AREA[J]. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2019, 34(6): 129-135 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2019.06.015

中图分类号： F590

参考文献

[1] 李凡,朱竑,黄维.从地理学视角看城市历史文化景观集体记忆的研究[J].人文地理,2010,25(4):60-66.[Li Fan, Zhu Hong, Huang Wei. A geographical study on the collective memory of urban historical cultural landscape[J]. Human Geography, 2010,25(4):60-66.]
[2] 王敏,赵美婷,朱竑.广州河涌的自然社会构建与城市记忆[J].地理学报,2019,74(2):353-365.[Wang Min, Zhao Meiting, Zhu Hong. The construction and memory of urban nature:A cultural geographic analysis of urban rivers in Guangzhou[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019,74(2):353-365.]
[3] 贾里德·戴蒙德.崩溃:社会如何选择成败兴亡[M].江滢,叶臻,译.上海:上海译文出版社,2008:384.[Diamond J. Collapse:How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed[M]. Jiang Ying, Ye Zhen, trans. Shanghai:Shanghai Translation Publishing House, 2008:384.]
[4] Withers C W J. Landscape, memory, history:Gloomy memories and the 19th-century Scottish Highlands[J]. Scottish Geographical Journal, 2005,121(1):29-44.
[5] Kong L. The invention of heritage:Popular music in Singapore[J]. Asian Studies Review, 1999,23(1):1-26.
[6] 肖笃宁,解伏菊,魏建兵.景观价值与景观保护评价[J].地理科学, 2006,26(4):506-512.[Xiao Duning, Xie Fuju, Wei Jianbing. Assessment on landscape value and protection[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2006,26(4):506-512.]
[7] 傅伯杰,吕一河,陈利顶,等.国际景观生态学研究进展[J].生态学报, 2008,28(2):798-804.[Fu Bojie, Lv Yihe, Chen Liding, et al. The latest progress of landscape ecology in the world[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2008,28(2):798-804.]
[8] 周年兴,黄震方,蒋铭萍,等.庐山森林景观美学质量与景观格局指数的关系[J].地理研究,2012,31(7):1224-1232.[Zhou Nianxing, Huang Zhenfang, Jiang Mingping, et al. The relationships between forest landscape visual quality and landscape spatial pattern index of mount Lushan[J]. Geographical Research, 2012,31(7):1224-1232.]
[9] Orellana D, Arnold B K, Arend L, et al. Exploring visitor movement patterns in natural recreational areas[J]. Tourism Management, 2012, 33(4):672-682.
[10] 张朝枝,邓曾.基于游客自愿拍摄法的旅游审美研究方法探索[J].旅游科学,2010,24(4):66-76.[Zhang Chaozhi, Deng zeng. Exploration into tourism aesthetic research:Based on visitor self-employed photography[J]. Tourism Science, 2010,24(4):66-76.]
[11] 杨兴柱,蒋锴,陆林.南京市游客路径轨迹空间特征研究——以地理标记照片为例[J].经济地理,2014,34(1):181-187.[Yang Xingzhu, Jiang Kai, Lu Lin. Urban Tourist path trajectory spatial characteristics:An empirical analysis of geo-tagged photos[J]. Economic Geography, 2014,34(1):181-187.]
[12] 周慧玲,许春晓.基于游记行程的湖南旅游流空间网络结构特征[J].经济地理,2016,36(10):201-206.[Zhou Huiling, Xu Chunxiao. Study on spatial network structure of hunan tourist flow based on travel arrangement[J]. Economic Geography, 2016,36(10):201-206.]
[13] 王硕,童洁,刘超,等.武汉气候舒适度与游客网络关注度年内变化相关性分析[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,2013,8(3):24-28.[Wang Shuo, Tong Jie, Liu Chao, et al. A correlative analysis of the relationship between climate comfort degree and tourist network attention for Wuhan city[J]. Journal of Subtropical Resources and Environment, 2013,8(3):24-28.]
[14] Mo S M, Zeng K F, Liu C. Early warning mechanism of Huangshan global geopark to divert passenger traffic[J]. Advanced Materials Research, 2014,1030-1032:2014-2018.
[15] 静恩明,郭风华,李仁杰,等.基于新浪旅游博客的河北省A级景区网络关注度研究[J].地理与地理信息科学,2015,31(3):118-122.[Jing Enming, Guo Fenghua, Li Renjie, et al. Analysis of scenic network attention-degree of A-grade tourist attractions in Hebei province:Base on Sina travel blogs[J]. Geography and Geo-Information Science, 2015,31(3):118-122.]
[16] East D, Osborne P, Kemp S, et al. Combining GPS&Survey data improves understanding of visitor behaviour[J]. Tourism Management, 2017,61(8):307-320.
[17] 王守成,郭风华,傅学庆,等.基于自发地理信息的旅游地景观关注度研究——以九寨沟为例[J].旅游学刊,2014,29(2):84-92.[Wang Shoucheng, Guo Fenghua, Fu Xueqing. A study of the spatial patterns of tourist sightseeing based on volunteered geographic information:The case of the Jiuzhai Valley[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2014,29(2):84-92.]
[18] 王硕,曾克峰,童洁,等.黄金周风景名胜区旅游客流量与网络关注度相关性分析——以庐山、华山、八达岭长城风景名胜区为例[J].经济地理,2013,33(11):182-186.[Wang Shuo, Zeng Kefeng, Tong Jie, et al. A Correlative analysis of the relationship between tourists and tourist network attention for scenic spots in special session[J]. Economic Geography, 2013,33(11):182-186.]
[19] 刘超,胡梦晴,林文敏,等.山岳型景区旅游形象感知研究:基于2014-2016年黄山网络游记分析[J].山地学报,2017,35(4):566-571.[Liu Chao, Humengqing, Lin Wenmin, et al. Tourism destination image perception of mountain resorts:A comprehensive survey of the Huangshan web travel notes for 2014-2016[J]. Mountain Research, 2017,35(4):566-571.]
[20] 胡传东,李露苗,罗尚焜.基于网络游记内容分析的风景道骑行体验研究——以318国道川藏线为例[J].旅游学刊,2015,30(11):99-110.[Hu Chuandong, Li Lumiao, Luo Shangkun. Cycling tourists' experience of scenic byways based on content analysis of travel blogs:A case study of the Sichuan-Tibet section of National Highway 318[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2015,30(11):99-110.]
[21] 布倩楠,杨勇,滕茜,等.上海旅游景区冷热均衡及联动效应研究——基于网络游记与要闻动态的比较分析[J].资源科学,2015,37(1):184-192.[Bu Qiannan, Yang Yong, Teng Qian. The balance of scenic spots and linkage effects in Shanghai:Comparative analysis between travel notes and official online news[J]. Resources Science, 2015,37(1):184-192.]
[22] 姚占雷,许鑫,李丽梅,等.网络游记中的景区共现现象分析——以华东地区首批国家5A级旅游景区为例[J].旅游科学,2011,25(2):39-46,72.[Yao Zhanlei, Xu Xin, Li Limei, et al. Analysis of the Cooccurrence Phenomenon of Scenic Areas in Online Travel Notes[J]. Tourism Science, 2011,25(2):39-46,72.]
[23] 梁保尔,潘植强.基于旅游数字足迹的目的地关注度与共现效应研究——以上海历史街区为例[J].旅游学刊,2015,30(7):80-90.[Liang Baoer, Pan Zhiqiang. An analysis of scenic areas preference and the co-occurrence phenomenon based on online information:A case of Shanghai Historic District[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2015,30(7):80-90.]
[24] 王琨,郭风华,李仁杰,等.基于Tripadvisor的中国旅游地国际关注度及空间格局[J].地理科学进展,2014,33(11):1462-1473.[Wang Kun, Guo Fenghua, Li Renjie, et al. Tourism attention degree about china from overseas and its spatial patterns based on trip advisor[J]. Progress in Geography, 2014,33(11):1462-1473.]
[25] 杨彬彬,张建国.基于网络文本分析的天目山旅游形象感知研究——以携程网游记与点评为例[J].福建林业科技,2017,44(4):118-125.[Yang Binbin, Zhang Jianguo. Research on tourism image and perception of Tianmu mountain based on network text analysis:Based on travel notes and comments of ctrip[J]. Journal of Fujian Forestry Science and Technology, 2017,44(4):118-125.]
[26] 吴恒,陈燕翎.基于UGC文本挖掘的游客目的地选择信息研究——以携程蜜月游记为例[J].情报科学,2017,35(1):101-105.[Wu Heng, Chen Yanling. Study on information of tourists' destination selections based on UGC and text mining:Taking honeymoon travel notes from Ctrip as an example[J]. Information Science, 2017,35(1):101-105.]
[27] 郭风华,王琨,张建立,等.成都"五朵金花"乡村旅游地形象认知——基于博客游记文本的分析[J].旅游学刊,2015,30(4):84-94.[Guo Fenghua, Wang Kun, Zhang Jianli, et al. Rural tourism destination image of the case in "Five Golden Flowers", Chengdu:Based on the text mining of blogs[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2015,30(4):84-94.]
[28] 刘春济,刘民英.国内游客行前信息搜索与目的地满意度评价研究——以黄山风景区为例[J].人文地理,2012,27(6):137-144.[Liu Chunji, Liu Minying. Study on pre-trip travel information search and satisfaction at destination from domestic tourists:A case study of huangshan scenic district[J]. Human Geography, 2012,27(6):137-144.]
[29] Brown G, Raymond C. The relationship between place attachment and landscape values:Toward mapping place attachment[J]. Applied Geography, 2007,27(2):89-111.
[30] Girardin F, Blat J, Ratti C. Digital footprinting:Uncovering tourists with user-generated content[J]. Pervasive Computing, 2008,7(4):36-43.
[31] Xia Jianhong (Cecilia), Zeephongsekul P, Packer D. Spatial and temporal modeling of tourist movements using Semi-Markov processes[J]. Tourism Management, 2011,32(7):844-851.