地质旅游如何促进游客的可持续实践？——参与感的作用与UNESCO的影响力

钱汶杰

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2026.01.016

PDF(3720 KB)

人文地理 ›› 2026, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1) : 170-180. DOI: 10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2026.01.016

旅游

地质旅游如何促进游客的可持续实践？——参与感的作用与UNESCO的影响力

钱汶杰

作者信息 +

HOW DOES GEOTOURISM PROMOTE TOURISTS' SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES? THE ROLE OF ENGAGEMENT AND THE IMPACT OF UNESCO

Wen-jie QIAN

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

本研究旨在探讨地质旅游体验促成游客可持续实践支持意愿的生成机制。研究一，援引体验经济框架（教育性，审美性，逃避性，娱乐性），采用偏最小二乘结构方程模型分析了地质旅游体验如何影响游客的心理，以及这些心理反应如何塑造对可持续实践支持意愿的形成路径。研究二，检验了目的地作为联合国教科文组织（UNESCO）认证的世界地质公园（UGGp）是否会对游客的感知造成影响。研究结果表明，地质旅游体验显著提升了游客的积极心理反应，进而影响了游客对目的地可持续实践的支持意愿。此外，游客知悉目的地获得了UNESCO认证，相比未知悉的游客来说，在所有测量指标中都表现出显著更高的体验、情感和行为反应水平。研究结果为地质旅游的可持续发展提供了启示。

Abstract

Geotourism has been increasingly recognized as a vehicle for sustainable development, yet little is known about how visitors' experiences transform into active behavioral support for sustainable practices, especially in the context of UNESCO Global Geoparks. This study investigates the formation path of visitors' behavioral support intention for destination sustainable practices, conceptualized as action-oriented willingness to participate in protection, advocate responsible practices, and engage in planning. Drawing on Pine and Gilmore's 4Es framework, this study construct and test a model linking geotourism experiences (education, esthetics, entertainment, escapism) to support intention for destination sustainable practices through pride, place attachment and subsequent engagement.The data were collected from 590 visitors to a UNESCO Global Geopark located in Henan Province, China, through a random intercept survey method. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to test the hypothesized relationships, and independent sample t-tests were used to examine differences between respondents aware and unaware of the site's UNESCO designation. The results indicate that all four experiential dimensions significantly enhance visitors' pride, place attachment, and engagement. Moreover, respondents aware of the UNESCO certification reported significantly higher levels of experience quality, emotional connection, engagement, and behavioral support intention than those unaware.The study contributes to the literature in three ways. Conceptually, it introduces and operationalizes support intention for destination sustainable practices as a distinct construct, extending prior work that focused primarily on passive compliance intentions.

导出引用

钱汶杰. 地质旅游如何促进游客的可持续实践？——参与感的作用与UNESCO的影响力[J]. 人文地理. 2026, 41(1): 170-180 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2026.01.016

Wen-jie QIAN. HOW DOES GEOTOURISM PROMOTE TOURISTS' SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES? THE ROLE OF ENGAGEMENT AND THE IMPACT OF UNESCO[J]. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2026, 41(1): 170-180 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2026.01.016

中图分类号： F592

参考文献

列表( 原文顺序 | 文献年度倒序 | 文中引用次数倒序 ) 可视化分析

1	Pham K , Andereck K L , Vogt C A . Stakeholders' involvement in an evidence-based sustainable tourism plan[J]. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2025, 33 (4): 673- 696. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2023.2259117 本文引用 [3]

2	Dolnicar S , Greene D . Research for environmentally sustainable tourism: All talk, no action?[J]. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 2025, 62, 28- 33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2024.12.002 本文引用 [1]

3	龚克, 孙克勤. 地质旅游研究进展[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2011, 21 (S1): 243- 246. Gong Ke , Sun Keqin . Review of the study of geotourism[J]. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2011, 21 (S1): 243- 246. 本文引用 [2]

4	Gupta V , Anand S , Wei D , et al. Exploring applied sustainable strategies through geoheritage and geotourism: A systematic literature review[J]. International Journal of Geoheritage and Parks, 2024, 12 (4): 660- 677. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgeop.2024.11.009 本文引用 [2]

5	Boley B B , Nickerson N P , Bosak K . Measuring geotourism: Developing and testing the geotraveler tendency scale (GTS)[J]. Journal of Travel Research, 2011, 50 (5): 567- 578. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287510382295 本文引用 [4]

6	Sarkar A , Gayen S K . Mapping the field: A systematic bibliographic review of geoto-urism trends in the twenty-first century[J]. Geoheritage, 2025, 17 (2): 57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12371-025-01090-9 本文引用 [5]

7	Farsani N T , Coelho C , Costa C . Geotourism and geoparks as novel strategies for socio-economic development in rural areas[J]. International Journal of Tourism Research, 2011, 13 (1): 68- 81. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.800 本文引用 [1]

8	Zheng X , Lin Y , Cheng X , et al. An investigation into the formation of tourists' pro-environmental behavior in geotourism: Balancing tourism and ecosystem preservation[J]. Sustainability, 2025, 17 (4): 1422. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17041422 本文引用 [5]

9	Xu K , Wu W . Geoparks and geotourism in China: A sustainable approach to geoherit-age conservation and local development: A review[J]. Land, 2022, 11 (9): 1493. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11091493 本文引用 [1]

10	Miśkiewicz K . Geotourism product as an indicator for sustainable development in Poland[J]. Sustainability, 2024, 16 (13): 5516. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16135516 本文引用 [4]

11	Xie M , Chi X , Han H . A complexity theory in geotourism: Traveler environmentally sustainable behaviors in global geoparks[J]. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 2024, 41 (8): 1021- 1037. 本文引用 [2]

12	Gautam V . Examining relationships among festival satisfaction, place attachment, emotional experience, and destination loyalty[J]. Leisure Sciences, 2025, 47 (2): 348- 365. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2022.2099493 本文引用 [1]

13	Rasoolimanesh S M , Khoo-Lattimore C , Md Noor S , et al. Tourist engagement and loyalty: Gender matters?[J]. Current Issues in Tourism, 2021, 24 (6): 871- 885. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2020.1765321 本文引用 [1]

14	张建平. 世界地质公园的前世今生[J]. 地质论评, 2020, 66 (6): 1710- 1718. Zhang Jianping . History of UNESCO global geopark[J]. Geological Review, 2020, 66 (6): 1710- 1718. 本文引用 [1]

15	Ferreira D R , Valdati J . Geoparks and sustainable development: Systematic review[J]. Geoheritage, 2023, 15 (1): 6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12371-022-00775-9 本文引用 [3]

16	Rinaldi C , Giovanardi M , Lucarelli A , et al. Unpacking a global spatial brand: Brand management practices in the UNESCO city of gastronomy network[J]. Journal of Place Management and Development, 2025, 18 (1): 1- 19. 本文引用 [3]

17	Pine B J , Gilmore J H . Welcome to the experience economy[J]. Harvard Business Review, 1998, 76 (4): 97- 105. 本文引用 [2]

18	许涛, 田明中. 我国国家地质公园旅游系统研究进展与趋势[J]. 旅游学刊, 2010, 25 (11): 84- 92. Xu Tao , Tian Mingzhong . On the study progress of tourism system of China's national geoparks and several problems required to be urgently studied[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2010, 25 (11): 84- 92. 本文引用 [2]

19	Hose T A . Selling the story of Britain's stone. Environmental interpretation[J]. Environmental Interpretation, 1995, 10 (2): 16- 17.

20	Štrba Ľ , Vravcová A , Podoláková M , et al. Linking geoheritage or geosite assessment results with geotourism potential and development: A literature review[J]. Sustainability, 2023, 15 (12): 9539. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15129539 本文引用 [2]

21	Hose T A , Vasiljević D A . Defining the nature and purpose of modern geotourism with particular reference to the United Kingdom and south-east Europe[J]. Geoheritage, 2012, 4 (12): 25- 43. 本文引用 [2]

22	Ólafsdóttir R , Tverijonaite E . Geotourism: A systematic literature review[J]. Geosciences, 2018, 8 (7): 234. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences8070234 本文引用 [1]

23	Selem K M , Khalid R , Tan C C , et al. Geotourism destination development: Scale development and validation[J]. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 2024, 46, 100763. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2024.100763 本文引用 [1]

24	Quadri-Felitti D L , Fiore A M . Destination loyalty: Effects of wine tourists' experiences, memories, and satisfaction on intentions[J]. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 2013, 13 (1): 47- 62. https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358413510017 本文引用 [3]

25	Carrillo-Hernández Y M , Ríos-Reyes C A , Villarreal-Jaimes C A . Geotourism and ge-oeducation: A holistic approach for socioeconomic development in rural areas of Los Santos municipality, Santander, Colombia[J]. Geoheritage, 2024, 16 (4): 94. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12371-024-00974-6 本文引用 [2]

26	Orazi D C , Yi Mah K , Derksen T , et al. Consumer escapism: Scale development, validation, and physiological associations[J]. Journal of Business Research, 2023, 160, 113805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.113805 本文引用 [3]

27	Holmqvist J , Diaz Ruiz C , Peñaloza L . Moments of luxury: Hedonic escapism as a luxury experience[J]. Journal of Business Research, 2020, 116, 503- 513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.10.015 本文引用 [1]

28	Ponsignon F , Lunardo R , Michrafy M . Why are international visitors more satisfied with the tourism experience? The role of hedonic value, escapism, and psychic distance[J]. Journal of Travel Research, 2021, 60 (8): 1771- 1786. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287520961175 本文引用 [1]

29	Pralong J . Geotourism: A new form of tourism utilising natural landscapes and based on imagination and emotion[J]. Tourism Review, 2006, 61 (3): 20- 25. https://doi.org/10.1108/eb058476 本文引用 [1]

30	Jorgenson J , Nickerson N . Geotourism and sustainability as a business mindset[J]. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 2016, 25 (3): 270- 290. 本文引用 [1]

31	Stets J E , Burke P J . Identity theory and social identity theory[J]. Social Psychology Quarterly, 2000, 63 (3): 224. https://doi.org/10.2307/2695870 本文引用 [1]

32	Rather R A , Hollebeek L D , Rasoolimanesh S M . First-time versus repeat tourism customer engagement, experience, and value cocreation: An empirical investigation[J]. Journal of Travel Research, 2022, 61 (3): 549- 564. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287521997572 本文引用 [1]

33	Zhang Q , Liu X , Li Z , et al. Multi-experiences in the art performance tourism: Integrating experience economy model with flow theory[J]. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 2021, 38 (5): 491- 510. 本文引用 [1]

34	Chen N (Chris) , Dwyer L , Firth T . Conceptualization and measurement of dimensionality of place attachment[J]. Tourism Analysis, 2014, 19 (3): 323- 338. https://doi.org/10.3727/108354214X14029467968529 本文引用 [2]

35	Chen N (Chris) , Dwyer L , Firth T . Residents' place attachment and word-of-mouth behaviours: A tale of two cities[J]. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 2018, 36, 1- 11. 本文引用 [2]

36	Cai X , Hu Z , He J , et al. A meta-analysis of the antecedents and outcomes of tourist place attachment[J]. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2025.02.006 本文引用 [1]

37	周庆, 曲颖. 游客对居民情感团结的形成路径研究: 基于混合研究方法[J]. 人文地理, 2025, 40 (2): 181- 192. Zhou Qing , Qu Ying . The formaing pathway of tourists' emotional solidarity toward residents: Based on a mixed research methods[J]. Human Geography, 2025, 40 (2): 181- 192. 本文引用 [1]

38	Soulard J , Park J , Zou S . Pride in transformation: A rural tourism stakeholder view[J]. Journal of Travel Research, 2024, 63 (1): 80- 99. https://doi.org/10.1177/00472875221143487 本文引用 [1]

39	Zhao Z F , Li Z W . Destination authenticity, place attachment and loyalty: Evaluating tourist experiences at traditional villages[J]. Current Issues in Tourism, 2022, 26 (3): 1- 16. 本文引用 [1]

40	Reitsamer B F , Brunner-Sperdin A , Stokburger-Sauer N E . Destination attractiveness and destination attachment: The mediating role of tourists' attitude[J]. Tourism Management Perspectives, 2016, 19, 93- 101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2016.05.003 本文引用 [2]

41	Chen S , Han X , Bilgihan A , et al. Customer engagement research in hospitality and tourism: A systematic review[J]. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 2021, 30 (7): 871- 904. 本文引用 [1]

42	Paul I , Roy G . Tourist's engagement in eco-tourism: A review and research agenda[J]. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 2023, 54, 316- 328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2023.01.002 本文引用 [1]

43	Catana M M , Brilha J B . The role of UNESCO global geoparks in promoting geosciences education for sustainability[J]. Geoheritage, 2020, 12 (1) https://doi.org/10.1007/s12371-020-00440-z 本文引用 [1]

44	Gupta S . Triggering place brand loyalty: The nexus between place brand credibility, fascination and attachment[J]. Current Issues in Tourism, 2025, 28 (13): 2041- 2046. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2024.2339963 本文引用 [1]

45	Henriques M H , Brilha J . UNESCO Global Geoparks: A strategy towards global understanding and sustainability[J]. Episodes, 2017, 40 (4): 349- 355. https://doi.org/10.18814/epiiugs/2017/v40i4/017036 本文引用 [1]

46	刘晓静, 梁留科. 地质公园景区科普旅游评价指标体系构建及实证——以河南云台山世界地质公园为例[J]. 经济地理, 2016, 36 (7): 182- 189. Liu Xiaojing , Liang Liuke . Construction of geopark popular science tourism evaluation system and empirical research[J]. Economic Geography, 2016, 36 (7): 182- 189. 本文引用 [1]

47	Oh H , Fiore A M , Jeoung M . Measuring experience economy concepts: Tourism applications[J]. Journal of Travel Research, 2007, 46 (2): 119- 132. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287507304039 本文引用 [3]

Luksyte

, Avery

D R

. The effects of citizenship dissimilarity and national pride on attitudes toward immigrants: Investigating mediators and moderators of intergroup contact[J]. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 2010, 34 (6): 629- 641.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2010.04.001

本文引用 [1]

49	He M , Liu B , Li Y . Tourist Inspiration: How the wellness tourism experience inspires tourist engagement[J]. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 2023, 47 (7): 1115- 1135. 本文引用 [1]

50	Wang F , Luan F . structural equation model of residents' support of geological heritage protection area for geological tourism in Kanas national geopark, China[J]. Geoheritage, 2021, 13 (4): 111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12371-021-00634-z 本文引用 [2]

51	Reitsamer B F , Brunner-Sperdin A . It's all about the brand: Place brand credibility, place attachment, and consumer loyalty[J]. Journal of Brand Management, 2021, 28 (3): 291- 301. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41262-020-00229-z

52	Abou-Shouk M , Soliman M . The impact of gamification adoption intention on brand awareness and loyalty in tourism: The mediating effect of customer engagement[J]. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 2021, 20, 100559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2021.100559 本文引用 [1]