本地公共医疗健康服务利用对乡城流动老年人口居留意愿的影响

黄翠盈; 罗钲; 刘晔

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2026.04.005

PDF(1781 KB)

人文地理 ›› 2026, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4) : 45-52,61. DOI: 10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2026.04.005

人口流动与城乡发展专栏

本地公共医疗健康服务利用对乡城流动老年人口居留意愿的影响

黄翠盈^1,2,3, 罗钲¹, 刘晔^1,2,3

作者信息 +

THE IMPACT OF LOCAL PUBLIC HEALTHCARE SERVICE UTILIZATION ON SETTLEMENT INTENTION AMONG RURAL-URBAN OLDER MIGRANTS

HUANG Cui-ying^1,2,3, LUO Zheng¹, LIU Ye^1,2,3

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

基于2018年全国流动人口动态监测数据，本研究揭示本地的多种公共医疗健康服务利用情况对乡城流动老年人口居留意愿的影响，并进一步分析该影响在不同健康状况、婚姻状况和受教育程度老年人群体中的异质性。研究发现：（1）本地公共医疗健康服务利用显著影响乡城流动老年人口的居留意愿，参与本地医疗保险、建立居民健康档案以及接受健康教育均对其居留意愿有显著的正向影响。（2）流动老年人的个体特征、流动特征以及流入地的城市特征共同影响其居留意愿。年龄较大、家庭人均月支出较高、没有就业、省内流动、流入时间较长、家庭随迁、异地养老、流入地绿化条件较好的流动老年人更倾向于在流入地长期居留。（3）与健康状况较好、已婚或同居的流动老年人相比，家庭医生签约服务显著增进了健康状况较差、未婚、离异或丧偶的流动老年人居留意愿。与健康状况较差的流动老年人相比，建立居民健康档案显著增进了健康状况较好的流动老年人居留意愿。研究未发现公共医疗健康服务利用对居留意愿的影响在不同受教育程度群体中存在显著的异质性。

Abstract

Using microdata from the 2018 China Migrants Dynamic Survey, this study examines the effect of local public healthcare service utilization on the settlement intentions of rural-urban older migrants, and explores heterogeneity by health status, marital status and education. Four types of public healthcare services are analyzed: medical insurance, family doctor services, resident health records and health education. The results show that local public healthcare service utilization significantly increases settlement intentions. Specifically, medical insurance, resident health records and health education have positive effects, while family doctor services show no significant overall effect. Older age, higher per capita monthly household expenditure, unemployment, intra-provincial migration, retirement-oriented migration and better neighborhood green space are associated with stronger long-term settlement intentions. Heterogeneity analysis shows that family doctor services have stronger effects among migrants in poorer health and those who are unmarried, divorced or widowed. Resident health records have stronger effects among migrants in better health than among those in poorer health. The effect of local public healthcare service utilization does not differ significantly by education. These findings suggest that improving accessible and targeted public healthcare services can help enhance the urban integration of rural-urban older migrants.

导出引用

黄翠盈, 罗钲, 刘晔. 本地公共医疗健康服务利用对乡城流动老年人口居留意愿的影响[J]. 人文地理. 2026, 41(4): 45-52,61 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2026.04.005

HUANG Cui-ying, LUO Zheng, LIU Ye. THE IMPACT OF LOCAL PUBLIC HEALTHCARE SERVICE UTILIZATION ON SETTLEMENT INTENTION AMONG RURAL-URBAN OLDER MIGRANTS[J]. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2026, 41(4): 45-52,61 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2026.04.005

中图分类号： C922

参考文献

[1] 杨高,金万富,王宇渠.珠三角乡城流动人口居留意愿的分异及影响因素：基于家庭生命周期视角[J].地理研究,2024,43(2):411-428. [Yang Gao, Jin Wanfu, Wang Yuqu. The differentiation of ruralurban floating population's settlement intention and its determinants in Pearl River Delta[J]. Geographical Research, 2024, 43(2): 411-428.]
[2] 周皓.中国人口流动模式的稳定性及启示：基于第七次全国人口普查公报数据的思考[J].中国人口科学,2021(3):28-41,126-127. [Zhou Hao. The stability of migration pattern in China and related issues: Consideration based on the data of seventh national census bulletin[J]. Chinese Journal of Population Science, 2021(3): 28-41, 126-127.]
[3] 段成荣,谢东虹,吕利丹.中国人口的迁移转变[J].人口研究,2019, 43(2): 12-20. [Duan Chengrong, Xie Donghong, Lv Lidan. Migration transition in China[J]. Population Research, 2019,43(2):12-20.]
[4] Conway K S, Houtenville A J. Out with the old, in with the old: A closer look at younger versus older elderly migration[J]. Social Science Quarterly, 2003,84(2):309-328.
[5] Gobillon L, Wolff F-C. Housing and location choices of retiring households: Evidence from France[J]. Urban Studies, 2011, 48(2): 331-347.
[6] Haas III W H, Serow W J. Amenity retirement migration process: A model and preliminary evidence[J]. The Gerontologist, 1993,33(2): 212-220.
[7] Newbold K B. Determinants of elderly interstate migration in the United States, 1985-1990[J]. Research on Aging, 1996, 18(4): 451-476.
[8] Poudyal N C, Hodges D G, Cordell H K. The role of natural resource amenities in attracting retirees: Implications for economic growth policy[J]. Ecological Economics, 2008,68(1/2):240-248.
[9] Liaw K-L, Frey W H, Lin J-P. Location of adult children as an attraction for black and white elderly primary migrants in the United States[J]. Environment and Planning A, 2002,34(2):191-216.
[10] Van diepen A M, Mulder C H. Distance to family members and relocations of older adults[J]. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 2009,24(1):31-46.
[11] Litwak E, Longino J C F. Migration patterns among the elderly: A developmental perspective[J]. The Gerontologist, 1987, 27(3): 266-72.
[12] 杨菊华.流动时代中的流动世代：老年流动人口的多维特征分析[J].人口学刊,2018,40(4):43-58. [Yang Juhua. Attributes of elderly migrants: Evidence from the 2016 MDSS in China[J]. Population Journal, 2018,40(4):43-58.]
[13] 李含伟.老年流动人口群体差异及异地生活感知研究[J].中国人口科学,2020(3):115-125,128. [Li Hanwei. Study on the group differences of the aged floating population and their perception of living experience in destinations[J]. Chinese Journal of Population Science, 2020(3):115-125,128.]
[14] 万思齐,彭彦彦,秦波,等.中国老年人口省际迁移的时空格局与影响因素：基于人口普查微观数据的分析[J].地理研究,2024,43(6): 1482-1501. [Wan Siqi, Peng Yanyan, Qin Bo, et al. Spatiotemporal patterns and influencing factors of interprovincial elderly migration in China: Based on the census data[J]. Geographical Research, 2024,43(6):1482-1501.]
[15] 黄翠盈,刘晔,朱羽佳.2000—2020年中国老年人口省际迁移的时空格局及影响因素[J].地理研究, 2025, 44(1): 263-278. [Huang Cuiying, Liu Ye, Zhu Yujia. Spatiotemporal patterns and determinants of interprovincial migration of older adults in China from 2000 to 2020[J]. Geographical Research, 2025,44(1):263-278.]
[16] 孟向京,姜向群,宋健,等.北京市流动老年人口特征及成因分析[J].人口研究, 2004(6): 53-59. [Meng Xiangjing, Jiang Xiangqun, Song Jian, et al. The floating elderly population in Beijing: Characteristics and determinants[J]. Population Research, 2004(6):53-59.]
[17] Huang C, Liu Y, Pan Z, et al. Modelling locational choices of older adults in China, 2010-2015[J]. Applied Geography, 2023, 155: 102954. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2023.102954.
[18] Dou X, Liu Y. Elderly migration in China: types, patterns, and determinants[J]. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 2017,36(6):751-771.
[19] 杨菊华.空间理论视角下老年流动人口的社会适应[J].社会学研究, 2021, 36(3): 180-203, 229-230. [Yang Juhua. Contextual change and social adaptation of elderly migrants in China[J]. Sociological Studies, 2021,36(3):180-203,229-230.]
[20] 陈敬复,王炳钰.远方的家：老年生活方式移民家的感知和营造[J].地理科学,2023,43(8):1433-1441. [Chen Jingfu, Wang Bingyu. Home at a distance: Making home for elderly lifestyle migrants[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2023,43(8):1433-1441.]
[21] 李芳,龚维斌,李姚军.老年流动人口居留意愿的影响因素分析：以布迪厄理论为视角[J].人口与社会,2016,32(4):3-12. [Li Fang, Gong Weibin, Li Yaojun. A study on the residential intention of elderly migrants: In the perspective of theory of Bourdieu[J]. Population and Society, 2016,32(4):3-12.]
[22] 侯建明,李晓刚.我国流动老年人口居留意愿及其影响因素分析[J].人口学刊,2017,39(6):62-70. [Hou Jianming, Li Xiaogang. The Analysis of the status of China's floating elderly population and it's influencing factors[J]. Population Journal, 2017,39(6):62-70.]
[23] 景晓芬.老年流动人口空间分布及长期居留意愿研究：基于2015年全国流动人口动态监测数据[J].人口与发展,2019,25(4):34-43. [Jing Xiaofen. Elderly migrants in China: Spatial distribution and residence willingness in destination: Based on the dynamic monitoring data of floating population in 2015[J]. Population and Development, 2019,25(4):34-43.]
[24] 陈英姿,赵玉港,胡亚琪.社会融合视角下中国老年流动人口居留意愿的影响因素[J].人口研究,2022,46(1):97-112. [Chen Yingzi, Zhao Yugang, Hu Yaqi. Influencing factors of Chinese elderly migrants' residence intention from the perspective of social integration [J]. Population Research, 2022,46(1):97-112.]
[25] 古恒宇,李薇,刘晔,等.异地养老、家属随迁与中国流动老人居留意愿[J].热带地理, 2023, 43(6): 1123-1133. [Gu Hengyu, Li Wei, Liu Ye, et al. Off-Site pension, migrant families,and the settlement intention of older migrants in China[J]. Tropical Geography, 2023, 43(6):1123-1133.]
[26] 李亭亭,朱宇,林李月,等.流动人口居留时长意愿的空间分异及影响因素[J].地理学报, 2021, 76(12): 2978-2992. [Li Tingting, Zhu Yu, Lin Liyue, et al. The intentions of migrants with respect to duration of residence: Spatial variation and determinants[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021,76(12):2978-2992.]
[27] 刘振,刘盛和,戚伟,等.青藏高原流动人口居留意愿及影响因素[J].地理学报,2021,76(9):2142-2156. [Liu Zhen, Liu Shenghe, Qi Wei, et al. The settlement intention of floating population and the factors in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: An analysis from the perspective of short-distance and long-distance migrants[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021,76(9):2142-2156.]
[28] Huang X, Liu Y, Xue D, et al. The effects of social ties on ruralurban migrants' intention to settle in cities in China [J]. Cities, 2018, 83:203-212.
[29] Zhu Y, Chen W. The settlement intention of China's floating population in the cities: Recent changes and multifaceted individual-level determinants[J]. Population, Space and Place, 2010,16(4):253-267.
[30] Liu T, Wang J. Bringing city size in understanding the permanent settlement intention of rural-urban migrants in China[J]. Population, Space and Place, 2020, 26(4): e2295. https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.2295.
[31] Wang C, Shen J. Settlement intention of migrants in urban China: The effects of labor-market performance, employment status, and social integration[J]. Applied Geography, 2022,147:102773. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2022.102773.
[32] 尹上岗,王蕊,周俊杰,等.城市房价对流动人口居留意愿的影响效应：以长三角地区为例[J].人文地理,2024,39(4):36-45. [Yin Shanggang, Wang Rui, Zhou Junjie, et al. The impact of urban housing price on the settlement intention of floating population: A case study of the Yangtze River Delta region[J]. Human Geography, 2024,39(4):36-45.]
[33] 汪润泉,刘一伟.住房公积金能留住进城流动人口吗?基于户籍差异视角的比较分析[J].人口与经济,2017(1):22-34. [Wang Runquan, Liu Yiwei. Can housing fund retain the floating population? Comparative analysis based on the perspective of the differences of honsehold registration[J]. Population & Economics, 2017(1):22-34.]
[34] 林李月,朱宇,柯文前,等.基本公共服务对不同规模城市流动人口居留意愿的影响效应[J].地理学报,2019,74(4):737-752. [Lin Liyue, Zhu Yu, Ke Wenqian, et al. The impact of migrants' access to urban public services on their urban settlement intentions:A study from the perspective of different-sized cities[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2019,74(4):737-752.]
[35] 冯建喜,赵璇,汤爽爽,等.流动人口长期居留意愿特征及影响因素演变研究：基于学历分异视角[J].人文地理,2025,40(4):108-118. [Feng Jianxi, Zhao Xuan, Tang Shuangshuang, et al. Evolutionary analysis of the characteristics and impacting factors of the floating population's long-term residence intention: Based on educational differentiation[J]. Human Geography,2025,40(4):108-118.
[36] 沈燕,刘厚莲.健康服务对流动老年人口居留意愿的影响[J].人口与发展,2022,28(2):48-57. [Shen Yan, Liu Houlian. The effect of health services on residence willingness of the floating elderly population[J]. Population and Development,2022,28(2):48-57.]
[37] 朱宇,林李月.流动人口在城镇的居留意愿及其决定因素：文献综述及其启示[J].人口与经济,2019(2):17-27. [Zhu Yu, Lin Liyue. The settlement intention of the floating population in the cities and its determinants: A literature review and its implications[J]. Population & Economics, 2019(2):17-27.]
[38] 刘涛,陈思创,曹广忠.流动人口的居留和落户意愿及其影响因素[J].中国人口科学,2019(3):80-91,127-128.[Liu Tao, Chen Sichuang, Cao Guangzhong. Migrants' intentions of settlement and hukou transfer and their determinants[J]. Chinese Journal of Population Science, 2019(3):80-91,127-128.]
[39] 古恒宇,孟鑫,沈体雁,等.中国城市流动人口居留意愿影响因素的空间分异特征[J].地理学报,2020,75(2):240-254. [Gu Hengyu, Meng Xin, Shen Tiyan, et al. Spatial variation of the determinants of China's urban floating population's settlement intention[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2020,75(2):240-254.]
[40] Huang B, Huang C, Feng Z, et al. Association between residential greenness and general health among older adults in rural and urban areas in China[J]. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 2021, 59: 126907. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2020.126907.
[41] 刘晔,肖童,刘于琪,等.城市建成环境对广州市居民幸福感的影响：基于15 min步行可达范围的分析[J].地理科学进展,2020,39(8):1270-1282. [Liu Ye, Xiao Tong, Liu Yuqi, et al. Impacts of urban built environments on residents' subjective well-being: An analysis based on 15-minute walking distance[J]. Progress in Geography, 2020,39(8):1270-1282.]