基于认知地图理论的景区游客寻路行为研究

伍蕾; 蔚成凤; 伍蓓; 李安

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2026.04.017

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人文地理 ›› 2026, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4) : 169-181. DOI: 10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2026.04.017

旅游

基于认知地图理论的景区游客寻路行为研究

伍蕾^1,2, 蔚成凤¹, 伍蓓³, 李安¹

作者信息 +

TOURISTS’WAYFINDING BEHAVIOR IN SCENIC SPOTS BASED ON COGNITIVE MAP THEORY

WU Lei^1,2, YU Cheng-feng¹, WU Bei³, LI An¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

景区是旅游业的重要载体，景区游客寻路行为对旅游体验及景区优化至关重要，但当前对游客寻路动态认知与环境交互机制尚不明晰。本研究基于认知地图理论，首次将社会关系纳入分析框架，构建“个体认知—环境交互—社会关系”理论框架，通过实验法验证认知地图动态迁移机制。研究发现：①景区游客寻路行为划分为信息感知、路径规划、行为移动三个阶段。游客在游览时更倾向于获取指向信息，行为移动遵循最小努力原则。②游客空间认知由信息预存与认知加工协作组成。提前规划的游客会在游览过程中减少对外界信息的获取，且高空间认知能力者表现出较少折返犹豫行为，展现出认知准确性与解码优势。③同行人员通过分摊认知压力、同伴反馈交叉验证信息等方式减少错误路径，显著提高寻路效率。本研究深化了认知地图理论在旅游学的应用，验证了社会关系在旅游行为中的影响机制。旨在为景区标识优化、团体产品设计及游客体验提升等提供理论与实践参考。

Abstract

Wayfinding behavior in scenic spots, an integral component of the tourism industry, is critical to tourist experiences and site optimization; however, its dynamic cognitive mechanisms remain poorly understood. Grounded in cognitive map theory, this study integrates social relations to construct an "individual cognition-environmental interaction-social relations" model, verifying the dynamic transfer mechanism of cognitive maps through experiments. The findings indicate that: First, wayfinding comprises three stages information perception, path planning, and behavioral movement with tourists adhering to the principle of least effort. Second, spatial cognition involves a synergy between pre-stored information and active processing; prospective planning mitigates external cue reliance, while superior spatial ability reduces backtracking. Third, companions mitigate navigational errors by sharing cognitive load and cross-verifying information via peer feedback. This study extends cognitive map theory to tourism, elucidates social relations' impact on behavior, and offers practical insights for signage optimization and visitor experience enhancement.

导出引用

伍蕾, 蔚成凤, 伍蓓, 李安. 基于认知地图理论的景区游客寻路行为研究[J]. 人文地理. 2026, 41(4): 169-181 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2026.04.017

WU Lei, YU Cheng-feng, WU Bei, LI An. TOURISTS’WAYFINDING BEHAVIOR IN SCENIC SPOTS BASED ON COGNITIVE MAP THEORY[J]. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2026, 41(4): 169-181 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2026.04.017

中图分类号： F590

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