西伯利亚人口问题一直非常尖锐,20世纪90年代以来更有不断恶化趋势。基于1989年和2002年俄罗斯人口普查资料,对西伯利亚人口状况及其动态变化进行了分析,得出了一些重要结论:1989-2002年间西伯利亚人口减少了95.9万,减少幅度达3.7%,远高于全俄1.5%的平均减幅;出生率降低、死亡率提高和人口大量迁移导致多数城市和区域人口持续减少,劳动力短缺问题日趋严重,制约了地区经济的发展;实现人口自然增长、调节人口迁移、引进合法移民乃西伯利亚人口和经济社会发展的当务之急。

The Siberia population question has been extremely incisive and has continuously worsened since the 1990s. Based on Russia population census of 1989 and 2002, Siberia population condition and its dynamic change are analyzed and some important conclusions are drawn. Firstly, from 1989 to 2002, the reduction of Siberia population is 3.7% (959,000),which is bigger than that of whole Russia. Secondly, the birth rate reduction, the mortality rate enhancement and the population massive emigration result in reduction of the population in most cities and regions of Siberia, which has caused the labor force lack and has restricted the local economy development. Finally, it is urgent to make the population grow naturally, adjust the population migration and introduce the legal immigration for the development of the population and economic society in Siberia.