瑞典作为北欧国家之一,其特殊的地理和社会环境,为学术发展提供了特有的基础,也形成了独特的传统。作为少数未参加第二次世界大战的国家之一,瑞典建立并逐步完善了福利体系,人文地理学的发展正是在这一过程中逐步发展起来,对瑞典福利体系的建立起到了不可忽视的作用,同时也逐步形成了其特有的研究体系,并在部分领域成为先导者。本文将通过回顾瑞典人文地理学的发展历程,重点分析瑞典人文地理学的三个重点研究领域:区域规划研究与应用,历史地理与景观研究,时间地理学。

As one of the Nordic countries, Sweden has special geographic and social environment, which provide special background for human geography. After WWⅡ, Sweden started to build up the public welfare system, and at the same time, human geography in Sweden made big progress. Although human geography in Sweden does not have so many research fields as American human geography does, it has made excellent achievements in some fields in the past 100 years. This article tries to analyse three most important research fields by reviewing the development of the human geography in Sweden. Since 1870s when SSAG(Swedish Society for Anthropology and Geography) was first built up, it was the home of geography in Sweden. In 1950s, human geography began to be seperated from physical geography,and then quickly played an important role in planning research. From 1946 to 1954, hundreds of research reports came out, which then became the most popular field of human geography.More and more students and researchers became interested in the application of planning rather than theories researches. Therefore, planning research became the easiest for human geographers in Sweden to participate in the cities development. At the beginning of 20th century, researchers made an appeal for the research of historical geography. Since the 1960s, when some were busy with constructions, some others became interested in landscape and historical geography. Inheriting the research tradition of landscape which had spreaded all around European countries,Swedish researchers have founded an characteristic research groundwork and direction. The third important research field-Time geography is the most widely-spreaded achievement of Swedish human geography, which represents a new structure with time and space, and constitutes the foundation for general geographical perspective. Since 1930s when Hägerstrand first mentioned it, it had been giving tremendous impacts on Swedish human geography. Even today, it is also the spirit of Swedish human geography.