如何确定生态补偿标准是旅游地生态补偿研究的难点问题,也是制约旅游地可持续发展的关键。本研究以云南省玉龙县为案例,以生态保护过程中利益相关程度最高的社区居民为补偿对象,以土地价值为核算载体,基于生态足迹效率测算方法,系统性地提出了旅游地生态补偿的最低、合理与最高标准测算方法,为提高旅游地生态补偿标准核算的准确性以及推动生态补偿实践提供参考。研究表明,旅游业的发展为土地价值的实现提供了现实的市场化途径,同时提供了社区参与地区产业发展的机会。

It is a difficult issue in the study how to identify the ecological compensation standard, as well as the key to tourism sustainable development. Taking Yulong County, Yunnan Province as an example, this study proposes systematical calculation methods for the lowest, reasonable and the highest standards of ecological compensation to provide references for improving the calculation accuracy of ecological compensation standard, furthermore enhancing practices in ecological compensation. We studied the people live in the communites who are the most related stakeholders groups in the ecological protection. Using zoology footprint efficiency calculating methods we measured the value of the land. Research shows that, land use of tourism areas includes both basic functions of production and additional travel function which reflects in the form of value as superposition value of the original land value and recreation value. Land use as a carrier reflects not only ecological protection in tourist areas and its tourism development, but also issues closely related to local communities and farmers' productivity, living standard and development. Therefore, it is reasonable as well as feasible to examine ecological compensation standards of tourism community residents accordingly. Ecological footprint efficiency and tourism ecological footprint efficiency are adopted in order to respectively identify the opportunity cost and recreation value of each unit of land. The findings show that these indicators are helpful to clarify the relationship between consumption and effectiveness of ecological environment both from human production and tourism activities, providing solid foundation for developing ecological compensation standards.