西方国家移民聚居区研究进展及启示

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2017.01.001

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人文地理 ›› 2017, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1) : 1-8,36. DOI: 10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2017.01.001

进展与动态

西方国家移民聚居区研究进展及启示

周春山¹, 杨高²

作者信息 +

PROGRESS ON IMMIGRANT COMMUNITIES INWESTERN COUNTRIES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR STUDIES IN CHINA

ZHOU Chun-shan¹, YANG Gao²

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

西方国家对移民聚居区的研究可以追溯到20世纪初的美国“芝加哥学派”，随后经历了同化主义、多元主义、异质本地化和跨国主义研究思潮，不仅拥有丰富的实证研究成果，而且形成了较为完整的理论体系和研究框架。总体上看，对移民聚居区的研究，区位选择方面经历了中心城区到郊区的演变，空间类型包括族裔飞地、族裔社区和族裔郊区，移民聚居区经济经历了单个案例到不同案例的对比研究，形成机制方面从民族团结理论转向不同作用者和空间生产理论，此外，西方移民聚居区还加强了反作用和空间效应的研究。本文在评述西方移民聚居区研究的基础上，结合国内移民聚居区研究现状，提出中国相关研究在研究视角、研究问题和研究方法的借鉴之处。

Abstract

Since twentieth Century, millions of immigrants were born with the tide of globalization. Immigration research has become one of the most important research topics in western sociology, anthropology and geography. Geographical research is mainly concentrated in the immigrant community. The studies of immigrant communities in western countries can be traced back to the early 20th century, "Chicago School" in the United States took the lead in research. Subsequently abroad studies have experienced four research paradigms, including assimilationism, pluralism, heterolocalism and transnationalism. The different research paradigms are the product of historical background, which reflect the different characteristics of different periods through out the whole development process of the immigrant community. In general, abroad studies produced abundant research findings. The location choice of immigrant communities have experienced a evolution which is from the central city to the suburbs. The space types of immigrant community can be concluded into ethnic enclave, ethnic community and ethnoburb. There are differences among location choice, physical space, social hierarchy, social network and ethnic economy. The research perspectives of formation mechanism experienced a shifting from traditional ethnic solidarity to different players and production of space. The progress of production of space contain spatial practice, representations of space and representational spaces. The retroaction study mainly focused on personal capital, social capital, social integration, social mobility, and spatial assimilation. The spatial effect research analyzed the impaction on urban development and urban spatial structure from a larger scale. Comparatively, domestic research was relatively late, starting in the 90's of last century. In general, the contents of domestic research field witnessed a sustained expansion and evolvement, and the research methods are becoming increasingly more diversified.

导出引用

周春山, 杨高. 西方国家移民聚居区研究进展及启示[J]. 人文地理. 2017, 32(1): 1-8,36 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2017.01.001

ZHOU Chun-shan, YANG Gao. PROGRESS ON IMMIGRANT COMMUNITIES INWESTERN COUNTRIES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR STUDIES IN CHINA[J]. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2017, 32(1): 1-8,36 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2017.01.001

中图分类号： C912.81

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