本文基于非参数方法双产出模型,将大豆生产资源配置效率分解为规模效率、纯技术效率和要素可处置度,在分析转型期中国大豆生产资源配置效率的基础上进一步研究其结构优化策略。结果表明,制约中国大豆生产资源配置效率的因素是生产规模效率。因此,中央政府应加大力度保护和提高各大流域耕地资源利用效率,抑制长江流域大豆低效生产状况,提高松辽、黄河流域大豆生产资源配置效率。具体措施包括,一是不断完善农地和农业人口政策,二是促进技术的创新与科技成果转化,三是实施粮食直接补贴政策,四是进行经济调控。

Soybean is the most important oil and high protein crops in the world. Allocating the scarce resources efficiently is then ecessary mean for mankind to obtain food, the point is the same to soybean. Based on the non-parametric method of double-output model, the paper divided allocative efficiency of resources into three parts, id est, scale efficiency, pure technical efficiency and handling degree of the input factor. After analyzing the allocative efficiency soybean production resources in China, the article has a futher study on the optimizing strategies for its allocation configuration. The results show that the restrictive factor from soybean production resource allocative efficiency is that present production of soybean is not efficient on scale. This means Chinese central government should further protect and improve the efficiency of rural land use, make more efforts to eliminate the inefficient situation in soybean production on Yangtze River basin, and improve the soybean production resource allocative efficiency of Yellow River and Songliao River Basin.The measures should be as follows:1)to perfect the rural land and control agricultural population; 2)to improve technical innovation and the commercialization of scientific and technological production in soybean; 3)to implement direct allowance policy on soybean production just like current wheat and rice allowance policy in most provinces; 4)to take economic means, that are price regulation in domestic market and import restriction on transgenic soybeans in international trade, and which be of advantage to Chinese peasants and Chinese soybean industry. The upper measures also give an effective way that can make up a market out of order, promoting soybean production highly and steadily.