乡村地域多功能分异及其价值提升已成为地理学研究的重点领域。乡村地域多功能具有空间异质、时间变异等属性,自然资源禀赋、社会经济基础、区域文化环境等因素综合作用推动乡村地域功能的演进。在承载力范围内,乡村地域多功能间沿着"兼容性-拮抗作用-兼容性-协同作用"的路径演进。乡村地域多功能处于动态演化中,功能位"态"与"势"的差异将其演进过程划分为成长、兴盛、稳定和衰退四个阶段。乡村组成要素的分化整合是转型期乡村社会发展与功能演进的根本动力,导致了地域主导功能的变迁。本文通过深入剖析乡村地域多功能的内涵,以期为指导乡村"特质化"发展实践、有效提升乡村地域价值提供理论支撑。

Rural areas are able to fulfill diversified functions, including social function, economic function as well as ecological and environmental function, and an individual region has its specific combination of functions. At different developmental stages, a region has special strategic objectives and core issues to be resolved as well as various functions that conferred by regional development. Rural regional multifunction possesses the basic characteristics of subjective cognition, multiple compositions, interaction, spatial variation and temporal evolution. The interaction of rural elements promotes the evolution of rural functions; rural region multifunction are in the process of dynamic evolution, and the evolutionary process is divided by function into four stages, including growth stage, flourishing stage, stability stage and decline stage. During the rural transformation, optimization and integration of rural elements is the fundamental driving force for multifunction evolution. For the differences of resource endowment, location condition, stage of economic development and developing strategic orientation, rural functions in various regions have significantly spatial heterogeneity and temporal variability. Each rural area will choose the appropriate function as the focus of training and developing, which lead to different patterns of land allocation and industrial distribution. For the specific scientific problems in the identification and evaluation of territorial dominant functions, there are still many weak points that need to further study in the related theories and methods construction in geography. Through the in-depth analysis of the connotation of rural region multifunction, this study will provide a scientific basis for rural specialized development and for the promotion of rural function value.