本文以北京市为例，采用GIS 网络分析方法，分析具有中低收入群体特征、居住在保障性住房居民通过公共交通和私家车方式，到达各类医疗设施的就医可达性。分析结果显示：从出行方式来看，采取私家车出行的就医可达性高于公共交通。从就医可达性的医院等级来看，三级医院的可达性明显低于社区医院。从就医可达性的空间分布来看，位于城市中心、北部和东部地区的保障性住房居民，其可达性相对较好；位于城市高速路沿线的保障性住房汽车出行可达性较高、但公共交通可达性相对较差。从就医可达性的时间上看，建设年代偏后的保障性住房就医可达性差。通过这些分析发现，居住在保障性住房、选择公共交通的保障性住房居民的就医出行更加不方便。
Abstract
The accessibility to hospitals is an important indicator to measure the distribution of public service facilities. Especially due to limitation on travel mode, accessibility to medical services has great impact on their physical health and life quality for the urban low-income group. Selecting Beijing as case study, this paper explores the accessibility to hospitals of the low-income residents who lives in affordable housing. Using GIS network analysis method, results of this paper are as follow: Firstly, the accessibility levels to hospital for affordable housing residents are higher for private car users than public transit users, which echo previous studies on the difference of travel modes. Secondly, the accessibility to high quality hospitals are worse than lower-level community hospitals, which indicates the accessibility gap to different quality of medical service. Thirdly, the affordable housing in central city or in the north of city have better accessibility to hospital, partly because the uneven spatial distribution of medical serious. Fourthly, the recently built affordable housing has even worse accessibility to hospital, comparing with its counterpart which built before the year of 2000.
关键词
就医可达性 /
空间公平 /
保障性住房 /
中低收入群体 /
北京
Key words
accessibility to hospital /
spatial equality /
affordable housing /
middle and low-income group /
Beijing
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基金
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目（13YJCZH240）；国家自然科学基金青年项目（41401651）
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