尺度政治与人民&mdash;&mdash;安东尼奥&middot;葛兰西的政治地理思想

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2017.05.009

PDF(1983 KB)

人文地理 ›› 2017, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (5) : 63-68,75. DOI: 10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2017.05.009

政治

尺度政治与人民——安东尼奥·葛兰西的政治地理思想

和智利¹, 孙俊¹, 潘玉君¹, 武友德²

作者信息 +

POLITICS OF SCALE AND PEOPLE:ANTONIO GRAMSCI'S THEORY OF GEOGRAPHICAL POLITICS

HE Zhi-li¹, SUN Jun¹, PAN Yu-jun¹, WU You-de²

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

文章通过阅读安东尼奥·葛兰西著作发现葛兰西的思想中渗透着政治与空间相互加强的观点，较早地发展了我们现在所称的尺度政治理论和人民地理思想。主要体现在：①葛兰西具有敏感的空间直觉，并在意大利经济和政治空间性、政治力量尺度性、消极革命尺度策略之间发现了"生产性的"空间政治力量；②葛兰西在狱前就完成了他的意大利空间政治构型，并在《狱中札记》中通过文化霸权理论加强了他的空间政治思想；③葛兰西在他的文化霸权理论和消极革命理论中均发现了不同政治力量在不同空间尺度上的策略性，并把这种空间策略调整到了人民解放事业中；④葛兰西的无产阶级革命思想有着一个"不断加强的空间政治"过程，并集中体现在与农民和其他阶级力量的联盟意见中。

Abstract

Through reading the works of Antonio Gramsci, this paper founds that Gramsci's works were saturated with suggestions that politics and geography were mutually strengthen for each other. Phrased in this, we can identify Gramsci as one of key thinkers who developed the idea of 'politics of scale' as well as theories of human geography comparatively early, for:firstly, Gramsci's spacial awareness, and his discovery that in the interplay of spacial dynamics of Italy's politics, economics, and passive revolutionary tactics there existed "productional" spatial, governmental power; secondly, in jail Gramsci finished his structural model for Italy's spatial politics as well as used the theory of cultural supremacy to strengthen his ideas of spatial political theory, and insisted that all political forces were looking for hegemonic power; thirdly, as Gramsci found in his own theories of cultural supremacy and passive revolutions that there were different political powers in different spatial tactic, he took these different ideas and applied them to liberating man from occupation; and finally, Gramsci's theories on a classless revolution reflected the development and strengthening of his ideas on spatial politics, reflected Gramsci's ideals regarding an alliance of farmers and other classes for the purpose of developing a socialist society.

导出引用

和智利, 孙俊, 潘玉君, 武友德. 尺度政治与人民——安东尼奥·葛兰西的政治地理思想[J]. 人文地理. 2017, 32(5): 63-68,75 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2017.05.009

HE Zhi-li, SUN Jun, PAN Yu-jun, WU You-de. POLITICS OF SCALE AND PEOPLE:ANTONIO GRAMSCI'S THEORY OF GEOGRAPHICAL POLITICS[J]. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2017, 32(5): 63-68,75 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2017.05.009

中图分类号： K901

参考文献

[1] Thomas P D. The Gramscian Moment:Philosophy, Hegemony and Marxism[M]. Leiden:Briss, 2010:167-220.

[2] Michael E, Gillian H, Stefan K (eds.). Gramsci:Space, Nature, Politics[M]. Wiley-Blackwell, 2013:50,63-70.

[3] 苏晓波.霸权,文化政治和葛兰西的地理思想[J].人文地理,2013,28(1):10-13.[Su Xiaobo. Hegemony, cultural politics, and geographical ideology of Gramsci[J]. Human Geography, 2013,28(1):10-13.]

[4] 雅索普.作为空间理论家的葛兰西[J].南京大学学报:哲学·人文科学·社会科学,2007,14(2):5-12.[Jessop B. Gramsci as a spatial theorist[J]. Journal of Nanjing University:Philosophy, Humanities and Social Sciences, 2007,14(2):5-12.]

[5] Morera E. Gramsci's Historicism:A Realist Interpretation[M]. New York:Routledge, 1990:89.

[6] Joseph G M, Nugent D. Popular culture and state formation in revolutionary Mexico[M]//Joseph G M, Nugent D (eds.). Everyday Forms of State Formation:Revolution and Negotiation of Rule in Modern Mexico. Duke:Duke University Press, 1994:3-23.

[7] Gramsci A. Selections from the "Prison Notebooks" of Antonio Gramsci[M]. Hoare Q, Nowell-Smith G, trans. New York:International Publishers, 1971:111,295.

[8] Gramsci A. Antonio Gramsci:Prison Notebooks[M]. Joseph B A, trans. Columbia:Columbia University Press, 2007:80-81,87,117, 239,259.

[9] Gramsci A. Antonio Gramsci:Selections from Political Writings, 1910-1920[M]. Hoare Q, Wishart L, trans. New York:International Publishers, 1977:7,68,83-86,90,116,179,355,357,377.

[10] Stefan K. City, country, hegemony:Antonio Gramsci's spatial historicism[M]//Michael E, Gillian H, Stefan K (eds.). Gramsci:Space, Nature, Politics. New Jersey:Wiley-Blackwell, 2013:83-103.

[11] Wainwright J. On Gramsci's ‘conceptions of the world’[J]. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 2010,35(4):507-521.

[12] Samers M, Sidaway J D. Exclusions, inclusions, and occlusions in ‘Anglo-American geography’:Reflections on Minca's ‘Venetian geographical praxis’[J]. Environment and Planning D, 2000,18(6):655-681.

[13] Peet R. Ideology, discourse, and the geography of hegemony:From socialist to neoliberal development in post-apartheid South Africa[J]. Antipode, 2002,34(1):54-84.

[14] 葛兰西.狱中札记[M].曹雷雨,姜丽,张跣,译.北京:中国社会科学出版社,2000:65-69,77-79,100,138-144,196.[Gramsci A. Prison Notebooks[M]. Cao Leiyu, Jiang Li, Zhang Xian, trans. Beijing:Peking University Press, 2000:65-69,77-79,100,138-144,196.]

[15] Gramsci A. Antonio Gramsci:Preprison Writings[M]. Bellamy R, trans. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 1994:9-90,182-183.

[16] Gramsci A. Antonio Gramsci:Selections from Political Writings, 1921-1926[M]. Hoare Q, Lawrence, Wishart, trans. New York:International Publishers, 1978:93-117,256,299,305,396,418,430-431.

[17] 葛兰西.葛兰西文选:1916-1935[M].中共中央编译局译.北京:人民出版社,1992:49,227,229-230,258-260.[Gramsci A. Selections of Antonio Gramsci:1916-1935[M]. Central Compilation & Translation Bureau, trans. Beijing:People's Publishing House, 1992:49,227,229-230,258-260.]

[18] Featherstone D. "Gramsci in action":Space, politics, and the making of solidarities[M]//Michael E, Gillian Ht, Stefan K (eds.). Gramsci:Space, Nature, Politics. New Jersey:Wiley-Blackwell, 2013:66-82.

[19] Gramsci A. Further Selections from Prison Notebooks[M]. Boothman D, trans. London:Lawrence and Wishart, 1995:222.

[20] Morton A. Unravelling Gramsci[M]. London:Pluto, 2007:48-49,94-96,148-150.

[21] Cox R W. Social forces, states and world orders:Beyond international relations theory[J]. Millennium, 1981,10(2):126-155.

[22] Cox R W. Gramsci, hegemony, and international relations:An essay in method[M]//Cox R W, Timothy J, Sinclair W J. Approaches to World Order. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 1996:86-123.

[23] Gramsci A. Selections from Prison Notebooks[M]. New York:International Publishers, 1999:103-114,118-120,132.

[24] 葛兰西.实践哲学[M].徐崇温,译.重庆:重庆出版社,1990:6-35,111-112.[Gramsci A. Practice Philosophy[M]. Xu Chongwen, trans. Chongqing:Chongqing Press, 1990:6-35,111-112.]

[25] 哈维,蔡云龙.论地理学的历史和现状:一个历史唯物主义宣言[J]. 地理科学进展, 1990,9(3):25-31.[Harvey D, Cai Yunlong. On the history and present condition of geography:An historical materialist manifesto[J]. Progress in Geograpy, 1990,9(3):25-31.]

[26] 刘云刚,王丰龙.尺度的人文地理内涵与尺度政治——基于1980年代以来英语圈人文地理学的尺度研究[J].人文地理,2011,26(3):1-6.[Liu Yungang, Wang Fenglong. Concept of scale in human geography and politics of scale:Based on Anglophone human geography since1980s[J]. Human Geography, 2011,26(3):1-6.]

[27] 马学广,李鲁奇.国外人文地理学尺度政治理论研究进展[J].人文地理,2016,31(2):7-12.[Ma Xueguang, Li Luqi. A review of overseas research on politics of scale in human geography[J]. Human Geography, 2016,31(2):7-12.]

[28] 萨义德.东方学[M].王宇根,译.北京:生活·读书·新知三联书店, 2007:10.[Said E W. Orientalism[M]. Wang Yugen, trans. Beijing:SDX Joint Publishing Company, 2007:10.]