游客对商业性家庭企业的住宿体验：从建构主义真实性到存在主义真实性&mdash;&mdash;以台湾民宿住客的优质体验为例

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2017.06.016

PDF(1608 KB)

人文地理 ›› 2017, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6) : 129-136. DOI: 10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2017.06.016

旅游

游客对商业性家庭企业的住宿体验：从建构主义真实性到存在主义真实性——以台湾民宿住客的优质体验为例

焦彦¹, 徐虹¹, 徐明²

作者信息 +

EXPERIENCE OF TOURIST MARKET IN THE COMMERCIAL HOME ENTERPRISES: FROM CONSTRUCTIVE AUTHENTICITY TO EXISTENTIAL AUTHENTICITY

JIAO Yan¹, XU Hong¹, XU Ming²

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

关于商业性家庭企业的研究基本多是从供给者角度展开的，鲜有文献对其客源市场进行科学、深入的分析。本研究以台湾民宿的住客优质体验为研究对象，采取扎根理论的研究方法，以住客对台湾花莲民宿的优质体验分享和民宿本身的公开信息为主要原始资料，识别和提炼出客源市场对商业性家庭企业的体验规律： ①游客追求建构主义真实性体验，既包括当地文化的真实性感知，也包括个体生活的真实性感知，而且现代性是建构主义真实性形成的基础； ②建构主义真实性引致存在主义真实性的产生；③对游客内心疏离感的弥补是建构主义真实性引致存在主义真实性产生的条件。这些研究发现对于促进商业性家庭企业的健康发展有重要意义。

Abstract

Researches on the Commercial Home Enterprises (CHE) are mostly studied from the perspective of supply. However, tourists' experiences of CHE are hardly analyzed deeply, especially about the authenticity experience which is a core problem in the research of tourist experience and motivation. Taking the tourists ‘excellent experiences in Taiwan B & B as an example, this paper presents a netnographic analysis of tourists’ reviews on the top 3 B&Bs in Hualian though grounded research and identifies how tourists experience them. Grounded theory method is a systematic methodology used in social sciences research involving theory construction through the analysis of data. Following the basic steps of grounded theory analysis, the research firstly broke data into conceptual components and identified the useful concepts by open coding. Then the concepts were grouped into 14 categories throughout the consistent comparative method. According to the characteristics presented by these categories, the similar categories were further reduced into one primary category. Consequently, the research identified four primary categories. They are:1) the perception of modernity, referring to different aspects of modern life; 2) the perception of constructive authenticity, which includes perception of personal lifestyle and perception of local culture; 3) the perception of existential authenticity, involving both intra-personal and inter-personal. Finally, after the categories being identified, the relations among different categories were analyzed by selective coding to reveal theoretical findings.

导出引用

焦彦, 徐虹, 徐明. 游客对商业性家庭企业的住宿体验：从建构主义真实性到存在主义真实性——以台湾民宿住客的优质体验为例[J]. 人文地理. 2017, 32(6): 129-136 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2017.06.016

JIAO Yan, XU Hong, XU Ming. EXPERIENCE OF TOURIST MARKET IN THE COMMERCIAL HOME ENTERPRISES: FROM CONSTRUCTIVE AUTHENTICITY TO EXISTENTIAL AUTHENTICITY[J]. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2017, 32(6): 129-136 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2017.06.016

中图分类号： F590

参考文献

[1] Peacock M. A question of size[J]. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 1993,5(4):29-32.

[2] Thomas R. An introduction to the study of small tourism and hospitality firm[C]//Thomas R (Ed.). The Management of Small Tourism and Hospitality Firms. London:Cassell, 1998:1-16.

[3] Getz D, Carlsen J. Characteristics and goals of family and owner-operated businesses in the rural tourism and hospitality sectors[J]. Tourism Management, 2000,21(6):547-560.

[4] Altjevic J, Doorne S. ‘Staying within the fence’:Lifestyle entrepreneurship in tourism[J]. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2000,8(5):378-392.

[5] Morrison A J, Baum T, Andrew R. The lifestyle economics of small tourism businesses[J]. Journal of Travel and Tourism Research, 2001(1):16-25.

[6] Di Domenico M L. ‘Lifestyle Entrepreneurs’ in the Hospitality Sector:Guest House Owner-occupiers[D]. Glasgow:University of Strathclyde, 2003:5-30.

[7] Williams A, Shaw G. From tourist to tourism entrepreneur, form consumption to production:Evidence from Cornwall[J]. England Environment and Planning, 1989,38(4):1639-1653.

[8] Shaw G, Williams A. From lifestyle consumption to lifestyle production:Changing patterns of tourism entrepreneurship[M]//Thomas R. Small Firms in Tourism:International Perspectives. Oxford:Oxford University Press, 2004:99-113.

[9] Getz D, Petersen T. Growth and profit-oriented entrepreneurship among family business owners in the tourism and hospitality industry[J]. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 2005,24(2):219-242.

[10] 陈蕾,杨钊.生活方式型旅游小企业的特征及研究启示[J].旅游学刊,2014,29(8):80-88.[Chen Lei, Yang Zhao. Features of lifestyleoriented small tourism firms and its implications[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2014,29(8):80-88.]

[11] Morrison A, Rimmington M, Williams C. Entrepreneur Ship in the Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Industries[M]. Oxford:Oxford University Press, 1999:252-263.

[12] Hall C, Rusher K R. Lifestyles? Entrepreneurial characteristics of the New Zealand bed and breakfast sector[M]//Thomas R. Small Firms in Tourism:International Perspectives. London:Elsevier, 2004:83-98.

[13] 梁微,徐红罡,Rhodri Thomas.大理古城生活方式型旅游企业的动机和目标研究[J].旅游学刊,2010,25(2):47-53.[Liang Wei, Xu Honggang, Thomas R. Study on the motivations and objectives of life-styled tourism businesses in Dali ancient city[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2010,25(2):47-53.]

[14] Paul A L. The commercial home enterprise and host:A United Kingdom perspective[J]. Hospitality Management, 2005,24(4):533-553.

[15] MacCannell D. Staged authenticity:Arrangements of social space in tourist settings[J]. American Journal of Sociology, 1973,79(3):589-603.

[16] Cohen E. Rethinking the sociology of tourism[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, 1979,6(1):18-35.

[17] 肖洪根.对旅游社会学理论体系研究的认识[J].旅游学刊,2002,17(1):59-68.[Xiao Honggen. Towards a theoretical framework for the sociological studies of tourism[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2002,17(1):59-68.]

[18] Boorstin D. The Image:A Guide to Pseudo-events in America[M]. New York:Harper & Row, 1964:77-117.

[19] Wang Ning. Rethinking authenticity in tourism experience[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, 1999,26(2):349-370.

[20] Yi Xiaoli, Lin Shanshan, Jin Wenmin, et al. The authenticity of heritage sites, tourists' quest for existential authenticity, and destination loyalty[J/OL].(2016-10-01)[2017-03-24].Journal of Travel Research. https://www.researchgate.net/publicatio/309541086_The_Authenticity_of_Heritage_Sites_Tourists_Quest_for_Existential_Authenticity_and_Destination_Loyalty.

[21] Olesen V. Selves and a changing social form:Notes on three types of hospitality[J]. Symbolic Interaction, 1994,17(2):188.

[22] 高燕,郑焱.凤凰古城景观真实性感知比较研究——基于居民和旅游者视角[J].旅游学刊,2010, 25(12):44-52.[Gao Yan, Zheng Yan. A comparative study on the authentic perception of landscapes in Fenghuang ancient city:From the perspective of residents and tourists[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2010,25(12):44-52.]

[23] 卢天玲.社区居民对九寨沟民族歌舞表演的真实性认知[J].旅游学刊,2007,22(10):89-95.[Lu Tianling. Perception of community on authenticity of ethnic singing and dancing performance in Jiuzhaigou tourism destination[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2007,22(10):89-95.]

[24] 焦彦,臧德霞.现代性与真实性的结合:入境游客对旅游配套设施的体验研究[J].旅游学刊,2015,30(10):28-36.[Jiao Yan, Zang Dexia. Combination of modernity and authenticity:Authenticity study on inbound tourists' experience in tourism facilities[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2015,30(10):28-36.]

[25] Wang Yu. Customized authenticity begins at home[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, 2007,34(3):789-904.

[26] Mkono M. A netnographic examination of constructive authenticity in victoria falls tourist (restaurant) experiences[J]. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 2012,31(2):387-394.

[27] 王宁.旅游互动中的本真性[J].广西民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2007,29(6):18-24.[Wang Ning. Interactive authenticity in tourism:A case study on hospitality tourism[J]. Journal of Guangxi University for Nationalities:Philosophy and Social Science Edition, 2007,29(6):18-24.]

[28] Steiner C R, Reisinger Y. Understanding existential authenticity[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, 2006,33(2):299-318.

[29] 梁宏宇,陈石,熊红星,等.人际感恩:社会交往中重要的积极情绪[J]. 心理学进展,2015,23(3):479-488.[Liang Hongyu, Chen Shi, Xiong Hongxing, et al. International gratitude:An important postitive emotion in social life[J]. Advances in Psychological Science, 2015,23(3):479-488.]

[30] 戴维·迈尔斯.社会心理学[M].张智勇,乐国安,侯玉波,等,译.北京:人民邮电出版社,2016:413.[David G Myers. Social Psychology[M]. Zhang Zhiyong, Le Guoan, Hou Yubo, et al, trans. Beijing:Posts & Telecom Press, 2016:413.]

[31] Rogerson C. Unpacking tourism SMMEs in South Africa:Structure, support needs and policy response[J]. Development South Africa, 2005,22(5):623-642.

[32] Mill H, Durham H. Entrepreneurship in the tourism industry issues in developing countries[J]. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 2007,30(4):827-835.

[33] Szivas E. Entrance into tourism entrepreneurship:A UK case study[J]. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 2001,3(2):163-172.

[34] Avcikurt C. Auditing Managerial Training Needs of Turkish Small and Medium Sized Hotel Enterprise[M]. London:Managerial Auditing Journal, 2003:148.

[35] 张春兴.张氏心理学词典[K].上海:上海辞书出版社,1992:22-32.[Zhang Chunxing. Zhang's Dictionary of Psychology[K]. Shanghai:Shanghai Lexicographic Publishing House, 1992:22-32.]

[36] Jillian M. Alienation:Authenticity's forgotten cousin[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, 2013,40(1):412-415.