季节性移民聚居现象受到西方学术界的极大关注，而我国鲜有研究。采用观察法和访谈法，对巴马盘阳河流域"一地多类"的季节性移民社区的形成过程、类型特征与作用机理进行归纳与揭示。研究表明：①季节性移民社区演变历经萌芽、快速参与和转型发展三个阶段，社区人口结构、聚居空间、经济业态、景观设施及人文氛围在不同时期呈现出不同的特征；②季节性移民社区形态存在差异，可以归类为交融性社区、优势性社区，共享性社区，纯粹性社区。③季节性移民社区是差异化的"美好生活"需求、独特的长寿资源及乡村生活环境、外来商业资本、地方政府调控和利益共生等"五力驱动"的结果，不同发展阶段其主导动力和作用方式存在差异。
Abstract
The seasonal migration is a phenomenon of urban middle age and elderly people who seasonal migrate to the amenity destination for seeking better environment and healthy living. Bama Panyang River Basin in Guangxi is an outstanding longevity paradise for the special long-lived geographical environment and peaceful lifestyle in the world, which increasingly attracting health-oriented seasonal immigrants. This paper taking Bama Panyang River Basin as research area, regards the community as a research path, comprehensively grasps the spatial characteristics and humanistic attributes of the seasonal immigrant community. The result shows that:First of all, the dynamic evolution process of the seasonal immigrant community includes three stages of budding, rapid participation and transitional development, the community's demographic structure, living space, economic format, landscape and facility, as well as humanistic atmosphere are vary with different develop stages. Secondly, the seasonal immigrant communities have different types, and can be categorized as blended community, dominant community, shared community and pure community, it can also be more comprehensively classified as a mixed immigrant community (including blended community, dominant community, and shared community) and enclave seasonal immigrant community (pure communities).Finally, the seasonal immigrant communities are driven by "five forces" such as the urban middle-aged and elderly's differentiated needs of looking for a "better life", the unique longevity resources longevity resource and rural living environment, the foreign commercial capital, the local government regulation, as well as the symbiosis interest of multiple actors, but the dominant impetus and action mode are vary with different develop stages.
关键词
季节性移民 /
季节性移民社区 /
社区类型 /
形成机理 /
巴马盘阳河流域
Key words
seasonal migration /
seasonal immigrant community /
community type /
formation mechanism /
Bama Panyang river basin
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] Benson M, O'Reilly K. Migration and the search for a better way of life:A critical exploration of lifestyle migration[J]. The Sociological Review, 2009,57(4):608-625.
[2] 唐香姐,徐红罡.生活方式型移民研究综述[J].地理科学进展,2015, 34(9):1096-1106.[Tang Xiangjie, Xu Honggang. Review of lifestyle migration[J]. Progress in Geography, 2015,34(9):1096-1106.]
[3] Cohen S A, Duncan T, Thulemark M. Lifestyle mobilities:The crossroads of travel, leisure and migration[J]. Mobilities, 2014,10(1):155-172.
[4] Mchugh K E. Seasonal migration as a substitute for, or precursor to, permanent migration[J]. Research on Aging, 1990,12(2):229-245.
[5] Espinoza M C, Stallmann J I. Seasonal Migration of Retirees:A Review of the Literature[C]. Faculty Paper Series 24010, Texas A & M University, Department of Agricultural Economics, 1996:112-118.
[6] Bjelde K E, Sanders G F. Change and continuity:Experiences of midwestern snowbirds[J]. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 2010,31(3):314-335.
[7] Sheng X J, Simpson P M, Siguaw J A. U. S. winter migrants' park community attributes:An importance-performance analysis[J]. Tourism Management, 2014,43(4):55-67.
[8] Higgs P, Quirk F. "Grey nomads" in Australia:Are they a good model for successful aging and health?[J]. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2007,1114(1):251-257.
[9] Ono M. Japanese lifestyle migration/tourism in Southeast Asia[J]. Japanese Review of Cultural Anthropology, 2009(10):43-52.
[10] 李松柏.都市圈乡村休闲旅游与老年季节性移居融合发展研究[J].农村经济,2011(9):101-104.[Li Songbai. Research on the integration development of rural leisure tourism and the elderly seasonal migration in the metropolitan area[J]. Rural Economy, 2011(9):101-104.]
[11] Kou L, Xu H, Hannam K. Understanding seasonal mobilities, health and wellbeing to Sanya, China[J]. Social Science & Medicine, 2017,177(3):87-99.
[12] Huang L, Xu H. Therapeutic landscapes and longevity:Wellness tourism in Bama[J]. Social Science & Medicine, 2017,197(1):24-32.
[13] Zhou L, Yu J, Wu M Y, et al. Seniors' seasonal movements for health enhancement[J]. The Service Industries Journal, 2018,38(1-2):27-47.
[14] Wu Y, Xu H, Lew A A. Consumption-led mobilized urbanism:Socio-spatial separation in the second-home city of Sanya[J]. Mobilities, 2015,10(1):136-154.
[15] Salazar N B, Yang Zhang. Seasonal lifestyle tourism:The case of Chinese elites[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, 2013,43(4):81-99.
[16] 黄璜.国外养老旅游研究进展与我国借鉴[J].旅游科学,2013,27(6):13-24,38.[Huang Huang. The progress in foreign elderly longstay tourism and its application to China[J]. Tourism Science, 2013, 27(6):13-24,38.]
[17] Ruizballesteros E, Cáceresferia R. Community-building and amenity migration in community-based tourism developmen:A approach from southwest Spain[J]. Tourism Management, 2016,54(6):513-523.
[18] Macrae G. Community and cosmopolitanism in the new Ubud[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, 2016,59(7):16-29.
[19] Rowles G D, Watkins J F. Elderly migration and development in small communities[J]. Growth & Change, 1993,24(4):509-538.
[20] Brown D L, Bolender B C, Kulcsar L J, et al. Intercounty variability of net migration at older ages as a path-dependent process[J]. Rural Sociology, 2011,76(1):44-73.
[21] Caravelis M, Ivy R. From mining community to seasonal visitor destination:The transformation of Sotiras, Thasos, Greece[J]. European Planning Studies, 2001,9(2):187-199.
[22] Cortes G, Matarrita-cascante D, Rodriguez M F. International amenity migration:Implications for integrated community development opportunities[J]. Community Development, 2014,45(5):507-524.
[23] Matarrita-Cascante D, Stocks G. Amenity migration to the global south:Implications for community development[J]. Geoforum, 2013(49):91-102.
[24] 斐迪南.滕尼斯(德).共同体与社会[M].林荣远,译.北京:商务印书馆, 2010:52-53,68.[Tennis F(Germany).Community and Society[M]. Lin Rongyuan, trans. Beijing:Commercial Press, 2010:52-53, 68.]
[25] 刘君德,张玉枝.社区分化-整合运动一般规律探讨[J].人文地理, 1997(2):5-10.[Liu Junde, Zhang Yuzhi. On the law of differentiating-combining movement of the community[J]. Human Geography, 1997(2):5-10.]
[26] Matarrita-Cascante D, Brennan M A. Conceptualizing community development in the Twenty-first Century[J]. Community Development, 2012,43(3):293-305.
[27] Kordel S. The production of spaces of the ‘good life’-the case of lifestyle migrants in Spain[J]. Leisure Studies, 2016,35(2):129-140.
[28] 齐格蒙特.鲍曼(美).共同体[M].欧阳景根,译.南京:江苏人民出版社,2007:177.[Bauman Z (U.S). Community[M]. Ouyang Jinggen, trans. Nanjing:Jiangsu People's Publishing House, 2007:177.]
基金
2017年广西哲学社会科学规划项目（17FJY023）；2017年度万名旅游英才-研究型英才培养项目（WMYC20171026）；2016年度广西高校中青年教师基础能力提升项目（KY2016YB718）
PDF(4296 KB)
