MOBILITY AND IDENTITY: TAKING HONG KONG RESIDENTS AS EXAMPLE
ZHENG Wan-qing
The Institute of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao Development Studies, The Center for studies of Hong Kong, Macaoand Pearl River Delta, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
Abstract：Intergroup contact theory proved that intergroup contact reduce prejudice. In this paper, we use thedata of HKPSSD to analyze the influence of Hong Kong residents' cross-border movement on the Chinese identity. In this study, we found it's partially and not exactly that contacts make individuals and groups closer. In the initial stage, cross-border trips can indeed shorten the social distance between the residents of the two places and improve the Chinese identity of Hong Kong residents. Cross-border travelers have a higher degree of Chinese identity than those who do not come to mainland. But as the Hong Kong people cross the border more frequently, their Chinese identity becomes weaker. The result shows that the influence of crossborder mobility on the identity is non-linear. When the social distance between these two groups is shortened to a certain extent, it is difficult to further improve the Chinese identity although the communication increase. The groups with moderate cross-border frequency identify themselves as Chinese most regardless of their previous attitude toward mainland Chinese. Itseemsthat the optimal distinctivenessmodelcanexplainthefact. Social identity can be viewed as a compromise between assimilation and differentiation from others, where the need for deindividuation is satisfied within in-groups, while the need for distinctiveness is met through intergroup comparisons. Identity is formed in the interaction between seeking similarity and dissimilarity. The deeper the Hong Kong people experienced difference from mainlander, the more difficult for them to integrate different identities. Therefore, it is not enough to encourage contacts and communication for improving Hong Kong people's national identity. To reduce the barriers in the policy and institutional arrangements which distinguishing Hong Kong residents from mainland residents, will help cross-border Hong Kong people incorporate into the society in mainland China.
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