Abstract：The study area incorporated the Zhongyuan urban agglomeration, located in the combination of the coastal open area and the central and western regions. It is the transition zone of China's economy from east to west, and it plays an important role in Chinese industrial transfer and economic development. Spatial structure can not only reflect the interaction and relationship among cities within the urban agglomeration but also reflect the development stages and levels of urban agglomerations. Therefore, it is of great practical significance for the future sustainable development of the urban agglomeration to study the spatial structure. This article selected 30 provincially-administered cities of Zhongyuan urban agglomeration to analysis spatial structure evolution. DMSP-OLS nighttime light remote sensing images from 1992 to 2012 were used to extract the urban built-up area of 30 provincially-administered cities based on MATLAB and ArcGIS software. The results showed that: 1) the built-up area of the Zhongyuan urban agglomeration was persistently increased. The area has risen from 823.1238 km2 to 2916.87 km2. 2) the development trend of the barycenter of Zhongyuan urban agglomeration was basically "first northeast and then southeast". 3) the degree of expansion of the Zhongyuan urban agglomeration experienced a process of "decrease-increase-decrease" during the research period, but on the whole, there was a relatively stable trend of change.
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