THE IMPACT OF MUSICSCAPE IMAGES ON TOURISTS' PLACE ATTACHMENT IN TOURISM DESTINATION: THE CASE STUDY OF KULANGSU, XIAMEN
ZHANG Hui1, ZHANG Jie1, QIU Meng-yuan2, LI Li3
1. School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;
2. College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
3. College of Jiangho Architecture, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
Abstract:The importance of soundscapes has gradually attached researcher's attention among which vision occupy a dominant position in landscape research. Musicscape is closely related to soundscape, not only limited to sound, but also includes other visual attractions related to music, thus musicscape can be a multi-sensory symbolic cultural landscape that explains the destination from form and genres. While music is often an important part of the construction of the unique social and cultural identity of a place, it is also one of many highly marketable cultural attributes that can attract the tourists, and the analysis of music in the social sciences raises inherently geographical questions. This paper focuses on a special kind of landscape-musicscape in Kulangsu, which is a metaphorical landscape of forms and genres of music, and has both acoustic and visual characteristics. Five hundred tourists successfully completed a questionnaire about the musicscapes in Kulangsu, and the data showed three main findings: 1) There are significant positive correlations among tourists' auditory emotion of musicscapes, tourists' functional involvement of musicscapes, and tourists' aesthetic understanding of musicscapes, which form the three-factor dimension of musicscape image; 2) all the three dimensions of musicscape image have a positive effect on their place attachment, and tourists' s place attachment has a positive effect on their satisfaction; 3) the fully mediating role of place attachment between three dimensions of musicscape image and tourists' satisfaction is significant.
张卉, 张捷, 仇梦嫄, 李莉. 音乐景观意象对游客地方依恋的影响研究——以厦门鼓浪屿为例[J]. 人文地理, 2020, 35(3): 58-64.
ZHANG Hui, ZHANG Jie, QIU Meng-yuan, LI Li. THE IMPACT OF MUSICSCAPE IMAGES ON TOURISTS' PLACE ATTACHMENT IN TOURISM DESTINATION: THE CASE STUDY OF KULANGSU, XIAMEN. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 2020, 35(3): 58-64.
Smith S J. Performing the (sound) world[J]. Environment & Planning D:Society & Space, 2000,18(5):615-637.
[2]
薛艺兵.流动的声音景观——音乐地理学方法新探[J].中央音乐学院学报,2008(1):83-88.[Xue Yibing. Flowing soundscape:A new approach to musical geography[J]. Journal of The Central Conservatory of Music, 2008(1):83-88.]
[3]
周尚意.英美文化研究与新文化地理学[J].地理学报,2004,59(7):162-166.[Zhou Shangyi. Anglo-American cultural studies and the new cultural geography[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2004,59(7):162-166.]
[4]
Rycroft S. Global undergrounds:The cultural politics of sound and light in Los Angeles 1965-1975[M]//Leyshon A, Matless D, Revill G. (eds.) The Place of Music. Mappings:Society, Theory, Space. New York:Guilford Press, 1998:222-248.
[5]
Carney G. Music geography[J]. Journal of Cultural Geography, 1998,18(1):1-10.
[6]
Milburn K. Rethinking music geography through the mainstream:A geographical analysis of Frank Sinatra, music and travel[J]. Social & Cultural Geography, 2019,20(5):730-754.
[7]
Finn J C. Musicscapes of heritage and memory:Researching the musical construction of place[M]//Hanna S P, Potter A E, Modlin Jr, et al. (eds.) Social Memory and Heritage Tourism Methodologies. New York:Routledge, 2015:153-169.
[8]
张捷.Schafer声景观理论经典著作的评析[J].旅游学刊,2015,30(12):121-124.[Zhang Jie. An analytic review of the Schafer's classic work of soundscape research[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2015,30(12):121-124.]
[9]
Gartner W C. Image formation process[J]. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 1993,2(2/3):199-212.
[10]
鲁学军,周成虎,龚建华.论地理空间形象思维——空间意象的发展[J].地理学报,1999,54(5):401-408.[Lu Xuejun, Zhou Chenghu, Gong Jianhua. On geographic spatial thinking in images:The development of spatial mental images[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 1999, 54(5):401-408.]
[11]
Seo S, Lee H, Kim Y, et al. Video motion analysis for landscape image abstraction[C]. Jeju, Korea (South):2016 International Conference on Platform Technology and Service (PlatCon), 15-17 Feburary, 2016:1-4.
[12]
Qiu M, Zhang J, Zhang H, et al. Is looking always more important than listening in tourist experience?[J]. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 2018,35(7):869-881.
[13]
Stocchetti N, Protti A, Lattuada M, et al. Motion picture impacts on destination images[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, 2003,30(1):216-237.
[14]
周永博,沙润,杨燕,等.旅游景观意象评价——周庄与乌镇的比较研究[J].地理研究,2011,30(2):359-371.[Zhou Yongbo, Sha Run, Yang Yan, et al. Tourism landscape image evaluation[J]. Geographical Research, 2011,30(2):359-371.]
[15]
Bricker K S, Kerstetter D L. Level of specialization and place attachment:An exploratory study of whitewater recreationists[J]. Leisure Sciences, 2000,22(4):233-257.
[16]
Kaplan S. The challenge of environmental psychology:A proposal for a new functionalism[J]. American Psychologist, 1972,27(2):140-143.
[17]
Kaplan S, Kaplan R. Creating a larger role for environmental psychology:The reasonable person model as an integrative framework[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2009,29(3):329-339.
[18]
Singh S N, Donavan D T, Mishra S, et al. The latent structure of landscape perception:A mean and covariance structure modeling approach[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2008,28(4):339-352.
[19]
Beerli A, Martín J D. Factors influencing destination image[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, 2004,31(3):657-681.
[20]
张宏梅,陆林.主客交往偏好对目的地形象和游客满意度的影响——以广西阳朔为例[J].地理研究,2010,29(6):1129-1140.[Zhang Hongmei, Lu Lin. The effect of tourists' host-guest contact preference on perceived destinati on image and tourist satisfaction:A case of domestic tourists in Yangshuo, Guilin[J]. Geographical Research, 2010,29(6):1129-1140.]
[21]
Herzog T R, Kaplan S, Kaplan R. The prediction of preference for unfamiliar urban places[J]. Population & Environment, 1982,5(1):43-59.
[22]
Mcclary S. Feminine Endings:Music, Gender, and Sexuality[M]. Minneapolis:University of Minnesota Press, 2002:246-260.
[23]
Brown G, Raymond C. The relationship between place attachment and landscape values:Toward mapping place attachment[J]. Applied Geography, 2007,27(2):89-111.
[24]
范钧,邱宏亮,吴雪飞.旅游地意象、地方依恋与旅游者环境责任行为——以浙江省旅游度假区为例[J].旅游学刊,2014,29(1):55-66.[Fan Jun, Qiu Hongliang, Wu Xuefei. Tourist destination image, place attachment and tourists' environmentally responsible behavior:A case of Zhejiang tourist resorts[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2014,29(1):55-66.]
[25]
Prayag G, Ryan C. Antecedents of tourists' loyalty to Mauritius:The role and influence of destination image, place attachment, personal involvement, and satisfaction[J]. Journal of Travel Research, 2012,51(3):342-356.
[26]
Herbert D T. Artistic and literary places in France as tourist attractions[J]. Tourism Management, 1996,17(2):77-85.
[27]
Yeh S S, Chen C, Liu Y C. Nostalgic emotion, experiential value, destination image, and place attachment of cultural tourists[J]. Advances in Hospitality & Leisure, 2012,8:167-187.
[28]
Stedman R C. Toward a social psychology of place:Predicting behavior from place-based cognitions, attitude, and identity[J]. Environment & Behavior, 2002,34(5):561-581.
[29]
Bosque I R D, Martín H S. Tourist satisfaction a cognitive-affective model[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, 2008,35(2):551-573.
[30]
Hwang S, Lee C, Chen H. The relationship among tourists' involvement, place attachment and interpretation satisfaction in Taiwan's national parks[J]. Tourism Management, 2005,26(2):143-156.
[31]
Yuksel A, Yuksel F, Bilim Y. Destination attachment:Effects on customer satisfaction and cognitive, affective and conative loyalty[J]. Tourism Management, 2010,31(2):274-284.
[32]
Kyle G T, Mowen A J. An examination of the leisure involvementagency commitment relationship[J]. Journal of Leisure Research, 2005,37(3):342-363.
[33]
彭一万.鼓浪屿音乐[M].厦门:厦门大学出版社,2015:1-50.[Peng Yiwan. Kulangsu Music[M]. Xiamen:Xiamen University Press, 2015:1-50.]
[34]
Williams D R, Vaske J J, Kruger L E, et al. The measurement of place attachment:Validity and generalizability of a psychometric approach[J]. Forest Science, 2003,49(6):830-840.
[35]
Lewicka M. Ways to make people active:The role of place attachment, cultural capital, and neighborhood ties[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2005,25(4):381-395.
[36]
Lewicka M. What makes neighborhood different from home and city? Effects of place scale on place attachment[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2010,30(1):35-51.
[37]
Hidalgo M C, Hernández B. Place attachment:Conceptual and empirical questions[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2001,21(3):273-281.
[38]
Zentner M, Grandjean D, Scherer K R. Emotions evoked by the sound of music:Characterization, classification, and measurement[J]. Emotion, 2008,8(4):494.
[39]
蒋长春,张捷,万基财.名山风景区书法景观在游客地方感中的作用——以武夷山风景区为例[J].旅游学刊,2015,30(4):73-83.[Jiang Changchun, Zhang Jie, Wan Jicai. The role of calligraphic landscapes on tourists' sense of place in famous mountain scenic spots:A Wuyi Mountain case study[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2015,30(4):73-83.]
[40]
张宏磊,张捷.中国传统文化景观体验的限制因素研究——以书法景观为例[J]. 旅游学刊,2012,27(7):28-34.[Zhang Honglei, Zhang Jie. On the restrictive factors of China's traditional cultural landscape experiencing:A case study of calligraphic landscape[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2012,27(7):28-34.]
[41]
Sobel M E. Asymptotic intervals for indirect effects in structural equations models[M]//Leinhart S. (eds.) Sociological Methodology. San Francisco:Jossey-Bass, 1982:290-312.
[42]
Hayes A F, Preacher K J. Statistical mediation analysis with a multicategorical independent variable[J]. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 2014,67(3):451-470.