基于眼动实验的旅游地景观视觉评价研究&mdash;&mdash;以珠海市唐家古镇为例

赵莹; 林家惠; 刘逸

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2020.05.016

PDF(89284 KB)

人文地理 ›› 2020, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5) : 130-140. DOI: 10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2020.05.016

旅游

基于眼动实验的旅游地景观视觉评价研究——以珠海市唐家古镇为例

赵莹, 林家惠, 刘逸

作者信息 +

RESEARCH ON VISUAL EVALUATION OF TOURISM SCENERY BASED ON EYE MOVEMENT EXPERIMENT: A CASE OF TANGJIA ANCIENT TOWN IN ZHUHAI

ZHAO Ying, LIN Jia-hui, LIU Yi

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

本研究从SOR模型出发，采用眼动实验对游览唐家古镇的大学生群体进行调查，提出了旅游地的景观类型、色彩丰富程度以及新旧程度对游客感知产生影响，并进一步影响游客眼动行为的研究假设。研究发现：①旅游地景观色彩丰富程度与新旧程度对游客感知及眼动行为存在影响，而景观类型需以群体特征为条件才能进一步影响眼动行为；②景观色彩丰富程度仅对注视时间比重存在显著影响；③新景观与中立景观之间的注视频率存在显著差异，新景观与中立景观、旧景观的注视时间比重也均存在显著差异。本研究尝试在非实验室环境下开展眼动实验，补充并完善了视觉研究方法在真实人文环境中的应用。

Abstract

Visual research method is important in exploring tourists' perceptions of tourism landscapes and tourism planning. In the past, scholars often used questionnaire survey or picture scoring to carry out relevant researches, but lacked more objective analysis. With the upgrade of eye tracker, eye tracking method is gradually used in the study of tourist landscape, and mainly carried out in the laboratory. In order to provide a new attempt for existing research, this paper makes a breakthrough in field experiments with eye tracker. Based on the SOR model, this study uses eye tracking method to investigate visiting behavior process of undergraduates in Tangjia Ancient Town, Zhuhai. It hypothesizes that landscape type, color richness and degree of old-to-new impact on visitors' perceptions, and further affect the eye movement behavior of tourists. The results show that: 1) Color richness and degree of old-to-new of the landscape have significant impacts on visitors' landscape perception and eye movement behavior, while the influence of the landscape type is not significant. Landscape types need to work through group characteristics to influence eye movement behavior; 2) For color richness, the study divides the landscape into two categories, rich colors and single colors. The study finds out that there are no significant difference in gaze frequency and mean gaze time, but significant differences in the proportion of gaze time between two categories; 3) For degree of old- to- new, the study divides the landscape into three categories: new landscape, old landscape and neutral landscape. The result shows that there is a significant difference in the frequency of gaze between new and neutral landscapes.

导出引用

赵莹, 林家惠, 刘逸. 基于眼动实验的旅游地景观视觉评价研究——以珠海市唐家古镇为例[J]. 人文地理. 2020, 35(5): 130-140 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2020.05.016

ZHAO Ying, LIN Jia-hui, LIU Yi. RESEARCH ON VISUAL EVALUATION OF TOURISM SCENERY BASED ON EYE MOVEMENT EXPERIMENT: A CASE OF TANGJIA ANCIENT TOWN IN ZHUHAI[J]. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2020, 35(5): 130-140 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2020.05.016

中图分类号： F592.7

参考文献

[1] 孙永生.对当前我国以旅游发展为动力的旧城改造的反思[J].华中建筑,2009,27(5):167-172.[Sun Yongsheng. Reflections on reconsturction of old cties in China motivated by tourism[J]. Huazhong Architecture, 2009,27(5):167-172.]
[2] 陈岗,黄震方.旅游景观形成与演变机制的符号学解释:兼议符号学视角下的旅游城市化与旅游商业化现象[J].人文地理,2010,25(5):124-127.[Chen Gang, Huang Zhenfang. An explanation of the mechanism of tourism landscape formation and evolution from the perspective of semiotics:A research on tourism urbanization and tourism commercialization from the perspective of semiotics[J]. Human Geography, 2010,25(5):124-127.]
[3] 周尚意,吴莉萍,苑伟超.景观表征权力与地方文化演替的关系——以北京前门-大栅栏商业区景观改造为例[J].人文地理, 2010,25(5):1-5.[Zhou Shangyi, Wu Liping, Yuan Weichao. The relation of landscape representation power and local culture succession:A case study of landscape changing in an old commercial district of Beijing[J]. Human Geography, 2010,25(5):1-5.]
[4] 马歇尔·麦克卢汉.理解媒介——人的延伸[M].何道宽,译.北京:商务印书馆,2000:34.[Mcluhan M. Understanding the Media:The Extension of People[M]. He Daokuan, trans. Beijing:Commercial Press, 2000:34.]
[5] 赵刘,周武忠.旅游景观的嬗变与视觉范式的转向[J].旅游学刊, 2011,26(8):32-37.[Zhao Liu, Zhou Wuzhong. Changes of tourism landscapes and the shift of visual paradigm[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2011,26(8):32-37.]
[6] 汤晓敏,王祥荣.景观视觉环境评价:概念、起源与发展[J].上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),2007,25(3):173-179.[Tang Xiaomin, Wang Xiangrong. Landscape visual environment assessment:Concept, origin and development[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University(Agricultural Science Edition), 2007,25(3):173-179.]
[7] Daniel T C, Vining J. Methodological issues in the assessment of landscape quality[J]. Behavior and the Natural Environment, 1983(6):39-84.
[8] Daniel T C. Whither scenic beauty? Visual landscape quality assessment in the 21st century[J]. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2001,54(1-4):267-281.
[9] 齐童,王亚娟,王卫华.国际视觉景观研究评述[J].地理科学进展, 2013,32(6):975-983.[Qi Tong, Wang Yajuan, Wang Weihua. A review on visual landscape study in foreign countries[J]. Progress in Geography, 2013,32(6):975-983.]
[10] Mehrabian A, Russell J A. An Approach to Environmental Psychology[M]. Cambridge:MIT Press, 1974:68-72.
[11] Russell W B. Situational variables and consumer behavior[J]. Journal of Consumer Research, 1975,2(3):157-164.
[12] 齐童,王卫华,王亚娟,等.城市公园视觉景观质量的影响因素分析——以北京市紫竹院公园为例[J].人文地理,2014,29(5):69-74.[Qi Tong, Wang Weihua, Wang Yajuan, et al. Analaysis of the influence factors of city park landscape visual quality:A case study of Zizhuyuan park in Beijing[J]. Human Geography, 2014,29(5):69-74.]
[13] 郭素玲,赵宁曦,张建新,等.基于眼动的景观视觉质量评价——以大学生对宏村旅游景观图片的眼动实验为例[J].资源科学,2017, 39(6):1137-1147.[Guo Suling, Zhao Ningxi, Zhang Jianxin, et al. Landscape visual quality assessment based on eye movement:College student eye-tracking experiments on tourism landscape pictures[J]. Resources Science, 2017,39(6):1137-1147.]
[14] 邓铸.眼动心理学的理论、技术及应用研究[J].南京师大学报(社会科学版),2005(1):90-95.[Deng Zhu. Theories, techniques and applied researches about eye-movement psychology[J]. Journal of Nanjing Normal University (Social Science), 2005(1):90-95.]
[15] 闫国利,熊建萍,臧传丽,等.阅读研究中的主要眼动指标评述[J].心理科学进展,2013,21(4):589-605.[Yan Guoli, Xiong Jianping, Zang Chuanli, et al. Review of eye-movement measures in reading research[J]. Progress in Psychological Science, 2013,21(4):589-605.]
[16] Bergstrom J R, Schall A J.眼动追踪:用户体验设计利器[M].宫鑫, 康宁,杨志芳,译.北京:电子工业出版社,2015:2-7.[Bergstrom J R, Schall A J. Eye Tracking:User Experience Design Tool[M]. Gong Xin, Kang Ning, Yang Zhifang, trans. Beijing:Electronic Industry Press, 2015:2-7.]
[17] 王敏,江冰婷,朱竑.基于视觉研究方法的工业遗产旅游地空间感知探讨——广州红专厂案例[J].旅游学刊,2017,32(10):28-38.[Wang Min, Jiang Bingting, Zhu Hong. The spatial perception of tourism destination based on visual methodology:The case study of Guangzhou Redtory[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2017,32(10):28-38.]
[18] Dupont L, Antrop M, Van Eetvelde V. Eye-tracking analysis in landscape perception research:Influence of photograph properties and landscape characteristics[J]. Landscape Research, 2014,39(4):417-432.
[19] Dupont L, Antrop M, Eetvelde V V. Does landscape related expertise influence the visual perception of landscape photographs? Implications for participatory landscape planning and management[J]. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2015,141:68-77.
[20] 李学芹,赵宁曦,王春钊,等.眼动仪应用于校园旅游标志性景观初探——以南京大学北大楼为例[J].江西农业学报,2011,23(6):148-151.[Li Xueqin, Zhao Ningxi, Wang Chunzhao, et al. A preliminary study on the application of eye tracker in the iconic landscape of campus tourism:A case study of the north building of Nanjing University[J]. Jiangxi Agricultural Journal, 2011,23(6):148-151.]
[21] 周尚意,苏娴.面向城市基调管控的建筑群色彩感知和意义理解分析——以北京故宫建筑群为例[J].人文地理,2019,34(4):32-39.[Zhou Shangyi, Su Xian. The color perception and color meaning awareness analysis of architectures for urban context planning:A case of the Forbidden City in Beijing[J]. Human Geography, 2019, 34(4):32-39.]
[22] Solomon M R. Consumer Behavior:Buying, Having, and Being[M]. Boston:Allyn and Bacon, 1992:120.
[23] Rayner K, Rotello C M, Steward A J, et al. Integrating text and pictorial information:Eye movements when looking at print advertisements[J]. Journal of Experimental Psychology:Applied, 2001,7(3):219-226.
[24] Lohse G L. Consumer eye movements patterns on yellow pages advertising[J]. Journal of Advertising, 1997,26(1):61-73.
[25] 王敏,林钿,江荣灏,等.传统节庆、身体与展演空间——基于人文地理学视觉量化方法的研究[J].地理学报,2017,72(4):671-684.[Wang Min, Lin Tian, Jiang Ronghao, et al. Analysis of the traditional festival, body and performative space:A human geographical method from the perspective of visual quantitative research[J]. Acta Geogrphica Sinica, 2017,72(4):671-684.]
[26] 王敏,江荣灏,朱竑.人文地理学的"视觉" 研究进展与启示[J].人文地理,2017,32(3):10-19.[Wang Min, Jiang Ronghao, Zhu Hong. A review and revelation of the study of visual in human geography[J]. Human Geography, 2017,32(3):10-19.]
[27] 李成,徐晓云,刘瑶瑶,等.乡村景观分类与评价方法研究[J].安徽农业科学,2018,46(25):41-43,70.[Li Cheng, Xu Xiaoyun, Liu Yaoyao, et al. Research on rural landscape classification and evaluation methods[J]. Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2018,46(25):41-43,70.]
[28] 吴凯晴. "过渡态" 下的"自上而下" 城市修补——以广州恩宁路永庆坊为例[J].城市规划学刊,2017(4):56-64.[Wu Kaiqing. The "top down" urban rehabilitation in the "transition stage":A case study of Yongqing Lane in Enning road Guangzhou[J]. Urban Planning Journal, 2017(4):56-64.]
[29] 刘润,杨永春,王梅梅,等.转型期中国城市更新背景下旅游地视觉景观生产研究——以成都宽窄巷为例[J].人文地理,2016,31(3):136-144.[Liu Run, Yang Yongchun, Wang Meimei, et al. The visual landscape production of tourist destination under the circumstance of Chinese urban regeneration in transition period:A case study of Kuanzhai alleys[J]. Human Geography, 2016,31(3):136-144.]