THE CULTURE AND POLITICS DURING THE EVOLUTION OF HISTORICAL PLACE: NAMES IN KUAN-CHUNG PLAIN IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF CRITICAL TOPONYMY
CHEN Chen1, CHENG Lin2
1. School of Tourism&Research Institute of Human Geography, Xi'an International Studies University, Xi'an 710128, China;
2. School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
Abstract：Based on GIS, this paper firstly analyzes the spatial and naming pattern of historical place names in Kuan-chung Plain from Xia to Ming-Qing dynasty. And then, from the perspective of landscape representation and Bourdieu's symbolic power theory, the cultural and political pattern during the evolution of historical place names will be revealed based on Critical Toponymy. Results indicate that:1) As the high density areas of the spatial replacement of historical place names in Kuan-chung Plain, the political center with Xi'anXianyang as the core and the military center with Tongguan and Chencang (Baoji) as the core are the focuses of space struggle for political rights. However, the sporadically distributed natural place names have historical stability in the marginal areas surrounding the political and military centers. 2) The ruling classes and the masses launched a naming game around the place names based on palace and mausoleum, the official and clan, personage and surname, wish and blessing, and sacrifice and temple. At the same time, all classes want to express their "self" value and wishes with the help of place names, which is a typical social and cultural symbol. 3) The historical place names in Kuan-chung plain have distinctive characteristics of the times. But on the whole, there is a characteristic of class ideology in the process of naming and changing of place names, and the tendency to concern about people's livelihood and culture.
陈晨, 程林. 关中平原历史地名演变中的文化政治格局——基于批判地名学的研究[J]. 人文地理, 2020, 35(6): 50-56,84.
CHEN Chen, CHENG Lin. THE CULTURE AND POLITICS DURING THE EVOLUTION OF HISTORICAL PLACE: NAMES IN KUAN-CHUNG PLAIN IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF CRITICAL TOPONYMY. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 2020, 35(6): 50-56,84.
Hall S. Representation:Cultural Representations and Signifying Practice[C]. London:SAGE Publisher in Association of the Open University, 1997:31.
[2]
周尚意,吴莉萍,苑伟超.景观表征权力与地方文化演替的关系——以北京前门-大栅栏商业区景观改造为例[J].人文地理, 2010,25(5):1-5.[Zhou Shangyi, Wu Liping, Yuan Weichao. The relation of landscape representation power and local culture succession:A case study of landscape changing in an old commercial district of Beijing[J]. Human Geography, 2010,25(5):1-5.]
[3]
Mitchell D. The lure of the local:Landscape studies at the end of a troubled century[J]. Progress in Human Geography, 2001,25(2):269-281.
[4]
周尚意.触景生情——文化地理学人笔记[M].北京:商务印书馆, 2019:96-98.[Zhou Shangyi. The Scene Evoked Memories of the Past:Notes on Cultural Geography[M]. Beijing:The Commercial Press, 2019:96-98.]
[5]
戴维·斯沃茨.文化与权力:布尔迪厄的社会学[M].陶东风,译.上海:上海译文出版社,2006:77-104.[David Swartz. Culture and Power:The Society of Pierre Bourdieu[M]. Tao Dongfeng, trans. Shanghai:Shanghai Translation Press, 2006:77-104.]
[6]
朱伟珏.象征差异与权力——试论布迪厄的象征支配理论[J].社会,2008,28(3):141-155.[Zhu Weiyu. Symbolic distinction and power:A discussion about Bourdieu's theory of symbolic domination[J]. Society, 2008,28(3):141-155.]
[7]
叶韵翠.批判地名学:国家与地方、族群的对话[J].地理学报(中国台湾),2013,68:69-87.[Ye Yuncui. The critical toponymy:A dialogue of nation, place and ethnic group[J]. Journal of Geographical Science (Taiwan, China), 2013,68:69-87.]
[8]
纪小美,王卫平,陈洁,等.批判转向以来地名学研究回顾与展望[J]. 地理科学进展,2016,35(7):910-919.[Ji Xiaomei, Wang Weiping, Chen Jie, et al. Review and prospect of toponymy research since the 1980s[J]. Progress in Geography, 2016,35(7):910-919.]
[9]
Alderman D H. Street names and the scaling of memory:The politics of commemorating Martin Luther King, Jr within the African American community[J]. Area, 2003,35(2):163-173.
[10]
Azaryahu M. Street names and political identity:The case of East Berlin[J]. Journal of Contemporary History, 1986,21(4):581-604.
[11]
Rose-Redwood R. From number to name:Symbolic capital, places of memory, and the politics of street renaming in New York City[J]. Social & Cultural Geography, 2008,9(4):431-452.
[12]
Palonen E. The city-text in post-communist Budapest:Street names, memorials, and the politics of commemoration[J]. Geojournal, 2008,73(3):219-230.
[13]
Cretan R, Matthews P W. Popular responses to city-text changes:Street naming and the politics of practicality in a post-socialist martyr city[J]. Area, 2016,48(1):92-102.
[14]
Shoval N. Street-naming, tourism development and cultural conflict:The case of the old city of Acre/Akko/Akka[J]. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 2013,38(4):612-626.
[15]
Nash C. Irish Place-names:Post-colonial Locations[M]//Berg L D, Vuolteenaho J. Critical Toponymies:The Contested Politics of Place Naming. Oxford, UK:Ashgate, 2009:137-152.
[16]
Rose-Redwood R, Alderman D, Azaryahu M. Geographies of toponymic inscription:New directions in critical place-name studies[J]. Progress in Human Geography, 2010,34(4):453-470.
[17]
David J, Mácha P. The possibilities for studying placenames in relation to landscape, space and identity[J]. Acta Onomastica, 2012,53:28-45.
[18]
Light D, Young C. Toponymy as commodity:Exploring the economic dimensions of urban place names[J]. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 2015,39(3):435-450.
[19]
Edensor T. Illuminated atmospheres:Anticipating and reproducing the flow of affective experience in Blackpool[J]. Environment and Planning D:Society and Space, 2012,30(6):1103-1122.
[20]
Light D. Tourism and toponymy:Commodifying and consuming place names[J]. Tourism Geographies, 2014,16(1):141-156.
[21]
李鹏,封丹.地名变迁中的文化政治阐释:以从化温泉为例[J].人文地理,2015,30(2):58-64.[Li Peng, Feng Dan. The politics of place naming:Changing place name and reproduction of meaning for Conghua Hotspring[J]. Human Geography, 2015,30(2):58-64.]
[22]
刘博,朱竑.批判视角下广州地铁站命名与更名研究[J].地理科学, 2014,34(9):1139-1144.[Liu Bo, Zhu Hong. Naming and renaming:A critical study on Guangzhou metro stations[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2014,34(9):1139-1144.]
[23]
纪小美,陶卓民,李涛,等.近代以来福州城市地名空间政治变迁研究[J].城市发展研究,2015,22(11):101-108.[Ji Xiaomei, Tao Zhuomin, Li Tao, et al. The study on spatial politics evolution of placename in Fuzhou city since the Opium War[J]. Urban Development Studies, 2015,22(11):101-108.]
[24]
黄雯娟.台北市街道命名的空间政治[J].地理学报(中国台湾), 2014,73:79-105.[Huang Wenjuan. The politics of space in relation to street naming in Taipei city[J]. Journal of Geographical Science (Taiwan, China), 2014,73:79-105.]
[25]
刘玄宇,张争胜,牛姝雅.批判视角下黄岩岛地名演变与权力关系分析[J].人文地理,2017,32(4):121-126.[Liu Xuanyu, Zhang Zhengsheng, Niu Shuya, et al. Analysis on the name evolution and power relation of Huangyan island in the critical perspective[J]. Human geography, 2017,32(4):121-126.]
[26]
冯婧,杨青山,刘鉴,等.1800-1945年长春市街道命名的文化政治阐释——基于葛兰西霸权理论的视角[J].人文地理,2019,34(4):40-46.[Feng Jing, Yang Qingshan, Liu Jian, et al. Cultural and political interpretation of street naming in Changchun during 1800 to 1945:Based on Gramsci's hegemony theory[J]. Human geography, 2019,34(4):40-46.]
[27]
谭其骧.中国历史地图集(精装本)(1-8册)[K].北京:中国地图出版社,1996.[Tan Qixiang. The Historical Atlas of China[K]. Beijing:China Cartographic Publishing House, 1996.]
[28]
臧励龢,等.中国古今地名大辞典[K].上海:上海书店出版社,2016.[Zang Lihe, et al. Ancient and Modern Chinese Place Name Dictionary[K]. Shanghai:Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House, 2016.]
[29]
崔乃夫.中华人民共和国地名大辞典(1-5册)[K].北京:商务印书馆,2005.[Cui Naifu. Dictionary of Place Names of the People's Republic of China[K]. Beijing:The Commercial Press, 2005.]
[30]
王法辉.基于GIS的数量方法与应用[M].姜世国,滕骏华,译.北京:商务印书馆,2011:47-70.[Wang Fahui. Quantitative Methods and Applications in GIS[M]. Jiang Shiguo, Teng Junhua, trans. Beijing:The Commercial Press, 2011:47-70.]
