旅游拥挤事件的形成因素及作用路径研究

田里; 钟宏伟

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2021.04.019

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人文地理 ›› 2021, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (4) : 159-167. DOI: 10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2021.04.019

旅游

旅游拥挤事件的形成因素及作用路径研究

田里, 钟宏伟

作者信息 +

STUDY ON FORMING FACTORS AND AFFECTING PATHS OF TOURIST CROWDING EVENTS

TIAN Li, ZHONG Hong-wei

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

借助百度和谷歌搜索引擎的聚合新闻检索功能，获取国内典型旅游拥挤事件的新闻报道作为案例数据，应用扎根理论分析方法，提炼出旅游拥挤事件的形成因素及作用路径。研究发现：①旅游拥挤事件的形成是旅游者受到旅游需求和供给的“推—拉”，并在假期制度限制下产生的旅游客流时空集中现象；②恶劣天气、地形交通、行为干扰等因素会催化客流压力，对景区承载能力构成威胁，进而产生旅游拥挤现象；③景区规划、监测预警、信息发布和应急处置等环节的不足则会导致拥挤现象的影响面扩大，最终发酵为具有一定负面社会影响的旅游拥挤事件；④旅游拥挤事件包括客流压力型、突发因素型、管理失误型和行为干扰型四种作用路径。避免或减少旅游拥挤事件发生，需要从景区信息化、文明旅游、供给优化和完善休假等方面进行管理调控。

Abstract

Frequent tourist crowding events in scenic spots in China has become a hot topic in the study of tourism geography. In view of the causes of tourist crowding, a certain number of research results have been formed in the academic circle at home and abroad, but few studies have analyzed the forming factors and affecting paths of tourist crowding from the perspective of event process. With the help of the aggregated news retrieval function of Baidu and Google search engine, the news reports of typical domestic tourist crowding events are obtained as case data, then this paper extracts and analyzes the forming factors of tourist crowding events by using the analysis method of Grounded Theory. The results show that:1) The formation of crowding events is caused by the "push-pull" of tourist demand and supply and the restriction of the holiday system, forming the spatial and temporal concentration of tourist flow; 2) Bad weather, terrain, traffic, behavioral interference and other factors catalyze the pressure of passenger flow, posing a threat to the carrying capacity of scenic spots and resulting in the phenomenon of tourist crowding; 3) The deficiencies in scenic spot planning, monitoring, early warning, information release and emergency response bring about the expansion of the influence of the crowding phenomenon, and eventually lead to the tourist crowding events with quite negative social impact; 4) There are four typical affecting paths of the forming factors of crowding events, which need to be managed and controlled from the aspects of scenic spot informatization, civilized tourism, supply optimization and vacation system perfection. This study analyzes the formation factors of tourist crowding events and the interaction mechanism among these factors, which provides a reference from the perspective of analysis and theoretical framework to explain how the phenomenon of tourist crowding in scenic spots in China is formed.

导出引用

田里, 钟宏伟. 旅游拥挤事件的形成因素及作用路径研究[J]. 人文地理. 2021, 36(4): 159-167 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2021.04.019

TIAN Li, ZHONG Hong-wei. STUDY ON FORMING FACTORS AND AFFECTING PATHS OF TOURIST CROWDING EVENTS[J]. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2021, 36(4): 159-167 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2021.04.019

中图分类号： F590

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