Abstract：Rapid development and scale expansion have continued for nearly 40 years since the reform and opening up, China's urban development has stepped into the "Post-Urbanization era". The phenomenon of Urban Shrinkage under "Rapid Expansion" has attracted more and more theoretical and practical attention, among which the mismatch and disharmony of spatial resources is an important cause of urban shrinking. Based on the interaction theory of "Space-Behavior", this paper attempts to explain the logical attribution of urban shrinkage from the perspective of "Institution-Policy-Behavior" spatial mismatch. Among them, institutional space brings spatial and social polarization of shrinking cities through "economic system transformation" and "social structure change". Policy space brings the imbalance of urban development based on political system and social policy. Behavior space is embedded in individual, group and family behaviors, which leads to mismatching of individual "Space-Behavior" through separation of job and residence and employment environment.Finally, the paper puts forward some governance guidance and policy attempts, such as deepening economic system reform, promoting the "renewal" of shrinking cities, taking care of the balance of regional policies, expanding public service supply of shrinking cities, insisting on "people-oriented" and making cities the "home" of "people".
姜晓晖. 空间不匹配带来城市收缩的三重逻辑——制度空间位移、政策空间悖论与行为空间失衡[J]. 人文地理, 2021, 36(6): 87-95.
JIANG Xiao-hui. THE TRIPLE LOGIC OF URBAN SHRINKING CAUSED BY SPATIAL MISMATCH: INSTITUTIONAL SPACE DISPLACEMENT, POLICY SPACE PARADOX AND BEHAVIOR SPACE IMBALANCE. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 2021, 36(6): 87-95.
Molotch H. The city as a growth machine:Toward a political economy of place[J]. American Journal of Sociology, 1976,82(2):309-332.
[2]
张京祥,赵丹,陈浩.增长主义的终结与中国城市规划的转型[J].城市规划,2013,37(1):45-50,55.[Zhang Jingxiang, Zhao Dan, Chen Hao. The end of growthism and the transformation of Chinese urban planning[J]. City Planning Review, 2013,37(1):45-50,55.]
[3]
UN Habitat. Role of UN-Habitat in Humanitarian Affairs:Strategic policy on human settlements in crisis and sustainable relief and reconstruction framework[R/OL].(2008-01-01)[2020-10-14]. United Nations:United Nations Human Settlements Programme,2008.https://www.alnap.org/help-library/role-of-un-habitat-in-humanitarian-affairs-strategic-policy-on-human-settlements-in.
[4]
龙瀛,吴康,王江浩.中国收缩城市及其研究框架[J].现代城市研究, 2015(9):14-19.[Long Ying, Wu Kang, Wang Jianghao. Shrinking cities in China and its research framework[J]. Modern Urban Research, 2015(9):14-19.]
[5]
张学良,刘玉博,吕存超.中国城市收缩的背景、识别与特征分析[J]. 东南大学学报:哲学社会科学版,2016,18(4):132-139.[Zhang Xueliang, Liu Yubo, Lu Cunchao. Analysis of the background, recognition and characteristics of China's urban shrinkage[J]. Journal of Southeast University:Philosophy and Social Science, 2016,18(4):132-139.]
[6]
Martin D, Mccann E, Purcell M. Space, scale, governance, and representation:Contemporary geographical perspectives on urban politics and policy[J]. Journal of Urban Affairs, 2003,25(2):113-121.
[7]
Swyngedouw E. Interrogating Post-democratization:Reclaiming egalitarian political spaces[J]. Political Geography, 2011,30(7):370-380.
[8]
柴彦威,谭一洺,申悦,等.空间-行为互动理论构建的基本思路[J]. 地理研究,2017,36(10):1959-1970.[Chai Yanwei, Tan Yiming, Shen Yue, et al. The basic ideas for the construction of space-behavior interaction theory[J]. Geographical Research, 2017,36(10):1959-1970.]
熊竞,罗翔,沈洁,等.从"空间治理"到"区划治理":理论反思和实践路径[J]. 城市发展研究,2017,24(11):89-93,124.[Xiong Jing, Luo Xiang, Shen Jie, et al. From "space governance" to "regional governance":Theoretical reflection and practical path[J]. Urban Development Studies, 2017,24(11):89-93,124.]
[11]
Häussermann H, Siebel W. Die Schrumpfende Stadt Und Die Stadtsoziologie[M]. Opladen:Westdeutscher Verlag, 1988:78-94.
[12]
(德)奥斯瓦尔特.收缩的城市[M].胡恒,等译.上海:同济大学出版社,2012:695-698.[Oswalt. Shrinking Cities[M]. Hu Heng, et al. trans. Shanghai:Tongji University Press, 2012:695-698.]
[13]
吴康,戚伟.收缩型城市:认知误区、统计甄别与测算反思[J].地理研究,2021,40(1):213-229.[Wu Kang, Qi Wei. Shrinking cities:Cognitive misunderstandings, statistical screening, and reflections on measurement[J]. Geographical Research, 2021,40(1):213-229.]
[14]
Martinez-Fernandez C, Weyman T, Fol S, et al. Shrinking cities in Australia, Japan, Europe and the USA:From a global process to local policy responses[J]. Progress in Planning, 2016,105(4):1-48.
[15]
乐君杰.工作搜寻理论、匹配模型及其政策启示——2010年诺贝尔经济学奖获得者研究贡献综述[J].浙江社会科学,2011,1(1):135-140,159.[Le Junjie. Job search theory, matching model and policy implications:A summary of the research contributions of Nobel prize winners in economics in 2010[J]. Zhejiang Social Sciences, 2011,1(1):135-140,159.]
[16]
Layman C C, Horner M W. Comparing methods for measuring excess commuting and jobs-housing balance:Empirical analysis of land use changes[J]. Transportation Research Record, 2010(2174):110-117.
[17]
杨振山,孙艺芸.城市收缩现象、过程与问题[J].人文地理,2015,30(4):6-10.[Yang Zhenshan, Sun Yiyun. The phenomenon, process and problems of urban shrinkage[J]. Human Geography, 2015, 30(4):6-10.]
[18]
张京祥,吴缚龙,马润潮.体制转型与我国城市空间重构-建立一种空间演化的制度分析框架[J].城市规划,2008,32(6):55-60.[Zhang Jingxiang, Wu Fulong, Ma Runchao. Institutional transformation and urban spatial restructuring in my country:Establishing an institutional analysis framework for spatial evolution[J]. City Planning Review, 2008,32(6):55-60.]
[19]
张帅,王成新,王敬,等.中国城市收缩的综合测度及其时空分异特征研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境, 2020,30(8):72-82.[Zhang Shuai, Wang Chengxin, Wang Jing, et al. Research on the comprehensive measure of China's urban shrinkage and its temporal and spatial differentiation[J]. Chinese Journal of Population, Resources and Environment, 2020,30(8):72-82.]
[20]
Jiang Zidian, Zhai Weixin, Meng Xiangfeng, et al. Identifying Shrinking Cities with NPP-VIIRS Nightlight Data in China[J]. Journal of Urban Planning and Development, 2020,146(4):04020034. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000598.
[21]
贺辉文.城市精明收缩的规划策略研究[D].南京:南京大学,2017:22-25.[He Huiwen. Research on Planning Strategy of City Shrewd Shrinking[D]. Nanjing:Nanjing University, 2017:22-25.]
[22]
何艳玲.中国"收缩城市"与西方的不同之处[J].人民论坛, 2018(24):70-71.[He Yanling. The difference between China's "shrinking cities" and the West[J]. People's Tribune, 2018(24):70-71.]
[23]
杨东峰,龙瀛,杨文诗,等.人口流失与空间扩张:中国快速城市化进程中的城市收缩悖论[J].现代城市研究, 2015(9):20-25.[Yang Dongfeng, Long Ying, Yang Wenshi, et al. Population loss and spatial expansion:The paradox of urban shrinkage in the process of rapid urbanization in China[J]. Modern Urban Research, 2015(9):20-25.]
[24]
Jessop B. State theory:Putting the capitalist state in its place[J]. Journal of Critical Realism, 1990,16(3):165-169.
[25]
Wiechmann T, Bontje M. Responding to tough times:Policy and planning strategies in shrinking cities[J]. European Planning Studies, 2015,23(1):1-11.
[26]
耿慧志,陶松龄.政策影响城市空间形态的综述分析和研究对策——基于提升城市生活质量的思考[J].国际城市规划, 2013,28(1):11-14.[Geng Huizhi, Tao Songling. Summary analysis and research countermeasures on the impact of policies on urban spatial morphology:Based on reflections on improving the quality of urban life[J]. Urban Planning International, 2013,28(1):11-14.]
[27]
杨秋惠.空间发展、管制与变革-国内外"城市开发边界"发展评述及启示[J].上海城市规划, 2015(3):46-54.[Yang Qiuhui. Spatial development, control and reform:Review and enlightenment on the development of "urban development boundary" at home and abroad. Shanghai Urban Planning Review, 2015(3):46-54.]
[28]
Long Ying, Mao Qizhi, Dang Anrong, et al. Beijing urban development model:Urban growth analysis and simulation[J]. Tsinghua Science and Technology, 2009,14(6):108-120.
[29]
魏后凯.中国城镇化:和谐与繁荣之路[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2014:12-19.[Wei Houkai. Urbanization in China:The Road to Harmony and Prosperity[M]. Beijing:Social Sciences Academic Press, 2014:12-19.]
[30]
柴彦威,李春江,张艳.社区生活圈的新时间地理学研究框架[J].地理科学进展,2020,39(12):1961-1971.[Chai Yanwei, Li Chunjiang, Zhang Yan. A new temporal geography research framework for community living circles[J]. Progress in Geography, 2020,39(12):1961-1971.]
[31]
毕瑜菲,郭亮,贺慧.职住平衡理念的实施难点与优化策略研究[J]. 城市发展研究,2019,26(3):1-8,40.[Bi Yufei, Guo Liang, He Hui. Study on the implementation difficulties and optimization strategies of the concept of job-housing balance[J]. Urban Development Studies, 2019,26(3):1-8,40.]
[32]
陈赵炅,杨东援,郭高华.上海市大型居住社区居民职住分离情况研究[J].交通标准化,2014,42(15):19-24.[Chen Zhaojiong, Yang Dongyuan, Guo Gaohua. Study on the separation of occupation and residence among residents in large residential communities in Shanghai[J]. Communications Standardization, 2014,42(15):19-24.]
[33]
周伟林.大都市职住分离的演化机理与改善对策[J].上海城市管理,2013(3):25-30.[Zhou Weilin. The evolution mechanism and improvement countermeasures of separation of job and residence in metropolis[J]. Shanghai Urban Management, 2013(3):25-30.]
[34]
爱德华·格莱泽,等.城市的胜利:城市如何让我们变得更加富有、智慧、绿色、健康和幸福[M].上海:上海社会科学院出版社,2012:20-31.[Edward Glazer, et al. Victory of Cities:How Cities can Makeus Richer, Smarter, Greener, Healthier and Happier[M]. Shanghai:Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences Press, 2012:20-31.]
