嵌入、认同、责任：地方社区中的旅游小企业

文彤; 张玉林; 张庆芳

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2021.06.017

PDF(2102 KB)

人文地理 ›› 2021, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (6) : 157-165. DOI: 10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2021.06.017

旅游

嵌入、认同、责任：地方社区中的旅游小企业

文彤¹, 张玉林¹, 张庆芳²

作者信息 +

EMBEDDING, IDENTIFICATION, RESPONSIBILITY: SMALL TOURISM BUSINESS IN LOCAL COMMUNITIES

WEN Tong¹, ZHANG Yu-lin¹, ZHANG Qing-fang²

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

围绕旅游小企业根植于地方社区的社会理性本质，本文借助嵌入理论探讨旅游小企业经济活动背后社会责任行为的成因。研究发现：①旅游小企业主的地方认同对企业社会责任行为有着显著的正向影响；②旅游小企业主的社区嵌入对地方认同有着显著的正向影响；③旅游小企业主的地方认同在社区嵌入对企业社会责任影响中扮演着显著的中介作用；④旅游小企业主的地方身份特征在社区嵌入对地方认同的影响中起着显著的调节作用，社区嵌入中获得更多社会资源的外来小企业主比本地小企业主对地方认同的影响更强。本文揭示了旅游小企业社会责任的地方空间特征，形成了地理学人—地关系研究的新方向，并为社区嵌入管理和商业环境塑造等工作提供了实践启示和建议。

Abstract

Recent years, Small and Medium Enterprises (SEMs) have played an increasingly important role in promoting employment and improving social stability by virtue of their huge scale. However, the existing research mainly focuses on the economic connection between small tourism business and local communities, ignoring the social relationship between them, especially the social value of small tourism business to local communities. Therefore, this paper constructs a conceptual model of the relationship between community embeddedness, place identity, place identity characteristics, and business social responsibility, and uses the embedded theory to explore the causes of social responsibility behavior behind the economic activities of small tourism businesses. This research collected data through the questionnaire survey, and withdrew 411 effective copies finally. The empirical research found that:1) The place identity of small tourism business owners has a significant positive effect on corporate social responsibility behavior. 2) The community embedding of small tourism business owners has a significant positive impact on place identity. 3) The place identity of tourism small business owners mediated the relationship between community embeddedness and corporate social responsibility. 4) The place identity characteristics of small tourism business owners moderated the relationship between community embeddedness and place identity.

导出引用

文彤, 张玉林, 张庆芳. 嵌入、认同、责任：地方社区中的旅游小企业[J]. 人文地理. 2021, 36(6): 157-165 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2021.06.017

WEN Tong, ZHANG Yu-lin, ZHANG Qing-fang. EMBEDDING, IDENTIFICATION, RESPONSIBILITY: SMALL TOURISM BUSINESS IN LOCAL COMMUNITIES[J]. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. 2021, 36(6): 157-165 https://doi.org/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2021.06.017

中图分类号： K901

参考文献

[1] Spence L J. Small business social responsibility:Expanding core CSR theory[J]. Business & Society, 2016,55(1):23-55.
[2] Vives A. Social and environmental responsibility in small and medium enterprises in Latin America[J]. Journal of Corporate Citizenship, 2006(21):39-50.
[3] Morrison A. Small firm statistics:A hotel sector focus[J]. Service Industries Journal, 1998,18(1):132-142.
[4] Vyakarnam S, Bailey A, Myers A, et al. Towards an understanding of ethical behaviour in small firms[J]. Journal of Business Ethics, 1997,16(15):1625-1636.
[5] 张乐宁,刘祖云,唐忠新.社会学概论[M].北京:中央广播电视大学出版社,1987:248.[Zhang Lening, Liu Zuyun, Tang Zhongxin. Introduction to Sociology[M]. Beijing:Central Radio & TV University Press, 1987:248.]
[6] 文彤,苏晓波.关系与制度:地方嵌入中的旅游小企业[J].旅游学刊, 2017,32(10):39-46.[Wen Tong, Su Xiaobo. Relationship and institutions:Small tourism business embedded in local social networks[J]. Journal of Tourism, 2017,32(10):39-46.]
[7] Su X, Chen Z. Embeddedness and migrant tourism entrepreneurs:A Polanyian perspective[J]. Environment and Planning A:Economy and Space, 2017,49(3):652-669.
[8] Wiklund J, Shepherd D. Entrepreneurial orientation and small business performance:A configurational approach[J]. Journal of Business Venturing, 2005,20(1):71-91.
[9] 刘长运,茆长荣.景区依附型旅游小企业发展特征——以丹霞山为例[J].经济地理,2007,27(4):579-583.[Liu Changyun, Mao Changrong. A research on characteristics of small tourism businesses scenery spot adhered:Danxia mountain for instance[J]. Economic Geography, 2007,27(4):579-583.]
[10] 邱继勤,保继刚.旅游小企业与目的地经济发展研究:阳朔西街案例[J].生产力研究,2011(1):182-184.[Qiu Jiqin, Bao Jigang. Research on small tourism enterprises and the economic development of destinations:Case of Yangshuo West Street[J]. Productivity Research, 2011(1):182-184.]
[11] Ateljevic J. Small tourism firms and management practices in New Zealand:The Centre Stage Macro Region[J]. Tourism Management, 2007,28(1):307-316.
[12] Granovetter M. Economic action and social structure:The problem of embeddedness[J]. American journal of sociology, 1985, 91(3):481-510.
[13] 黎耀奇,谢礼珊.社会网络分析在组织管理研究中的应用与展望[J].管理学报,2013,10(1):146-154.[Li Yaoqi, Xie Lishan. Social network analysis in organizational management research:Current status and future directions[J]. Chinese Journal of Management, 2013,10(1):146-154.]
[14] Halinen A, Törnroos J Å. The role of embeddedness in the evolution of business networks[J]. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 1998,14(3):187-205.
[15] Russo A, Perrini F. Investigating stakeholder theory and social capital:CSR in large firms and SMEs[J]. Journal of Business Ethics, 2010,91(2):207-221.
[16] De Carolis D M, Saparito P. Social capital, cognition, and entrepreneurial opportunities:A theoretical framework[J]. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 2006,30(1):41-56.
[17] 徐红罡,马少吟.旅游小企业的创业机会识别研究——桂林阳朔西街案例[J].旅游学刊,2012,27(8):18-26.[Xu Honggang, Ma Shaoyin. Entrepreneurial opportunity recognition process of small tourism businesses:A case study of Yangshuo Xijie[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2012,27(8):18-26.]
[18] Fuller T, Tian Y M. Social and symbolic capital and responsible entrepreneurship:An empirical investigation of SME narratives[J]. Journal of Business Ethics, 2006,67(3):287-304.
[19] Alcañiz E B, Cáceres R C, Pérez R C. Alliances between brands and social causes:The influence of company credibility on social responsibility image[J]. Journal of Business Ethics, 2010,96(2):169-186.
[20] Du S, Bhattacharya C B, Sen S. Reaping relational rewards from corporate social responsibility:The role of competitive positioning[J]. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 2007,24(3):224-241.
[21] 潘捷,关俊文.企业社会责任理论综述[J].现代商业,2021(8):166-168.[Pan Jie, Guan Junwen. Summary of the theory of corporate social responsibility[J]. Modern Business, 2021(8):166-168.]
[22] Campbell L, Gulas C S, Gruca T S. Corporate giving behavior and decision-maker social consciousness[J]. Journal of Business Ethics, 1999,19(4):375-383.
[23] Woodward D, Edwards P, Birkin F. Some evidence on executives' views of corporate social responsibility[J]. The British Accounting Review, 2001,33(3):357-397.
[24] 温素彬,方苑.企业社会责任与财务绩效关系的实证研究——利益相关者视角的面板数据分析[J].中国工业经济,2008(10):150-160.[Wen Subin, Fang Yuan. An empirical research on the relationship between corporate social responsibility and financial performance:Analysis based on stakeholder theory and panel dates[J]. China Industrial Economics, 2008(10):150-160.]
[25] Porter M E, Kramer M R. The link between competitive advantage and corporate social responsibility[J]. Harvard Business Review, 2006,84(12):78-92.
[26] 曾江洪,何苹,雷黎涛.社会责任、社会资本与竞争力关系的实证研究——以长株潭地区企业为例[J].经济经纬,2014,31(4):110-115.[Zeng Jianghong, He Ping, Lei Litao. An empirical study of the relationship among social responsibility, social capital and competitiveness:Evidence from enterprises of Chang-Zhu-Tan area in China[J]. Economic Survey, 2014,31(4):110-115.]
[27] 朱乐,陈承.关系嵌入视角下高管团队异质性对企业社会责任绩效的影响研究[J].管理学报,2020,17(9):1318-1326.[Zhu Le, Chen Cheng. The effect of top management team heterogeneity on corporate social responsibility performance under the review of relationship embeddedness[J]. Chinese Journal of Management, 2020, 17(9):1318-1326.]
[28] Uzzi B. Social structure and competition in interfirm networks:The paradox of embeddedness[J]. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1997,42(1):35-67.
[29] Luo J D. Guanxi revisited:An exploratory study of familiar ties in a Chinese workplace[J]. Management and Organization Review, 2011,7(2):329-351.
[30] Spence L J. Does size matter? The state of the art in small business ethics[J]. Business Ethics:A European Review, 1999,8(3):163-174.
[31] Rowlesa G D. Place and personal identity in old age:Observations from appalachia[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 1983, 3(4):299-313.
[32] Pretty G H, Chipuer H M, Bramston P. Sense of place amongst adolescents and adults in two rural australian towns:The discriminating features of place attachment, sense of community and place dependence in relation to place identity[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2003,23(3):273-287.
[33] Morsing M, Perrini F. CSR in SMEs:Do SMEs matter for the CSR agenda?[J]. Business Ethics A European Review, 2009,18(1):1-6.
[34] 任洪昌,林贤彪,王纯,等.地方认同视角下居民对农业文化遗产认知及保护态度——以福州茉莉花与茶文化系统为例[J].生态学报,2015,35(20):6806-6813.[Ren Hongchang, Lin Xianbiao, Wang Chun, et al. Residents' cognition and attitudes towards protection of the agricultural heritage system from a place identity perspective:A case study of the Fuzhou jasmine and tea culture system[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2015,35(20):6806-6813.]
[35] 林耿.地方认同与规划中的权力建构——基于规划选址的案例分析[J].城市规划,2013,37(5):35-41,66.[Lin Geng. Place identity and power construction in urban planning:Case study on marketing relocation[J]. City Planning Review, 2013,37(5):35-41,66.]
[36] 陆敏.古镇(街)旅游社区本地经营者及外来经营者地方依恋的对比研究——以苏州古镇(街)为例[J].社会科学家,2018(6):71-80.[Lu Min. Study on local and non-local operators' place attachment in historical towns (streets) tourism community:A case study of Suzhou' historical towns (streets)[J]. Social Scientist, 2018(6):71-80.]
[37] 叶超.人文地理学空间思想的几次重大转折[J].人文地理,2012, 27(5):1-5.[Ye Chao. The significant turns of thoughts on space in human geography[J]. Human Geography, 2012,27(5):1-5.]
[38] Kyle G, Graefe A, Manning R. Testing the dimensionality of place attachment in recreational settings[J]. Environment and Behavior, 2005,37(2):153-177.
[39] Proshansky H M. The city and self-identity[J]. Environment and Behavior, 1978,10(2):147-169.
[40] 杜辉.重返美浓——博物馆、社区与乡土重建[J].赣南师范学院学报,2016,37(4):36-39.[Du Hui. Return to meinong:Museum, community and rural reconstruction[J]. Journal of Gannan Normal University, 2016,37(4):36-39.]
[41] Georg S. The social shaping of household consumption[J]. Ecological Economics, 1999,28(3):455-466.
[42] Tajfel H. Social psychology of intergroup relations[J]. Annual Review of Psychology, 1982,33(1):1-39.
[43] 陈悦悦,严艳,王盼盼.社区归属感对乡村旅游小企业社会责任感知影响研究——以袁家村为例[J].重庆理工大学学报(自然科学),2018,32(3):279-287.[Chen Yueyue, Yan Yan, Wang Panpan. Impact of community attachment on tourism small enterprises' social responsibility perception in rural region:Taking Yuanjia village as an example[J]. Journal of Chongqing University of Technology (Natural Sciences), 2018,32(3):279-287.]
[44] Hallak R, Brown G, Lindsay N J. The place identity-performance relationship among tourism entrepreneurs:A structural equation modelling analysis[J]. Tourism Management, 2012,33(1):143-154.
[45] Kiazad K, Holtom B C, Hom P W, et al. Job embeddedness:A multifoci theoretical extension[J]. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2015, 100(3):641.
[46] Lee T W, Mitchell T R, Sablynski C J, et al. The effects of job embeddedness on organizational citizenship, job performance, volitional absences, and voluntary turnover[J]. Academy of Management Journal, 2004,47(5):711-722.
[47] Lalli M. Urban-related identity:Theory, measurement, and empirical findings[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 1992,12(4):285-303.
[48] 黎春燕,陈杰.社区嵌入视角下新移民知识型员工离职动机研究[J].领导科学,2017(26):46-49.[Li Chunyan, Chen Jie. Study on the motivation of new immigrant knowledge workers' resignation from the perspective of community embeddedness[J]. Leadership Science, 2017(26):46-49.]
[49] 杨玲丽,万陆.关系制约产业转移吗?——"关系嵌入-信任-转移意愿"的影响研究[J].管理世界,2017(7):35-49.[Yang Lingli, Wan Lu. Does relationship restrict industry transfer?:A case study on the influence of "relationship embedding-trust-transfer willingness"[J]. Management World, 2017(7):35-49.]
[50] Blombäck A, Wigrenkristoferson C. Corporate community responsibility as an outcome of individual embeddedness[J]. Social Responsibility Journal, 2014,10(2):297-315.
[51] 朱竑,钱俊希,陈晓亮.地方与认同:欧美人文地理学对地方的再认识[J]. 人文地理,2010,25(6):1-6.[Zhu Hong, Qian Junxi, Chen Xiaoliang. Place and identity:The rethink of place of EuropeanAmerican human geography[J]. Human Geography, 2010,25(6):1-6.]
[52] 盛婷婷.自然观光地旅游企业主移民地方感特征及其与本地小企业主的地方感差异研究[D].芜湖:安徽师范大学,2015:52.[Sheng Tingting. Research on the Characteristics of Tourism Entrepreneurial Migrants' Sense of Place and the Difference with Local Small Business Owners[D]. Wuhu:Anhui Normal University, 2015:52.]
[53] Turker D. How corporate social responsibility influences organizational commitment[J]. Journal of Business Ethics, 2009,89(2):189.
[54] Tabachnick B G, Fidell L S, Ullman J B. Using Multivariate Statistics[M]. Boston, MA:Pearson, 2007:63.
[55] Kline R B. Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling[M]. New York:The Guilford Press, 1998:74-77.
[56] Bagozzi R P, Yi Y. On the evaluation of structural equation models[J]. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 1988,16(1):74-94.
[57] Hair J F, Black W C, Babin B J, et al. Multivariate Data Analysis (Seventh Edition)[M]. London:Pearson Education Limited, 2014:579-580.
[58] Fornell C, Larcker D F. Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error:Algebra and statistics[J]. Journal of Marketing Research, 1981,34(2):161-188.
[59] Aiken L S, West S G, Reno R R. Multiple Regression:Testing and Interpreting Interactions[M]. Newbury Park, California:Sage Publications, 1991:28-48.
[60] Mcandrew F T. The measurement of rootedness and the prediction of attachment to home-town in college students[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 1998,18(4):409-417.
[61] Granovetter M, Swedberg R. The Sociology of Economic Life[M]. Boulder:Westview Press, 1992:138.
[62] Jenkins H. A critique of conventional CSR theory:An SME perspective[J]. Journal of General Management, 2004,29(4):37-57.
[63] Anderson A R, Miller C J. "Class matters":Human and social capital in the entrepreneurial process[J]. The Journal of Socio-economics, 2003,32(1):17-36.