时空间行为视角下的城市社会融合研究

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2022.06.004

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摘要城市转型背景下的社会极化与社会融合问题是城市地理学研究的重要议题。国内外文献多关注社区尺度上的社会融合特征及其地理环境要素，由此形成了基于居住空间视角的社会融合研究传统。但这一研究视角过于静态和片面，难以在个体移动性不断提高、日常活动空间不断拓展的背景下深刻揭示社会融合的动态过程以及地理环境要素的微观影响机理。本文在对城市社会融合的国内外研究文献进行梳理的基础上，讨论基于居住空间视角的社会融合研究存在的不足，构建时空间行为视角下的城市社会融合研究理论框架。本文提出，从微观层面的个体移动性与时空行为约束的视角，能够基于个体日常活动—移动行为更准确地刻画个体社会交往的动态地理情境，并从居民日常生活的时空约束、公共接触潜力、时空间行为策略等方面来识别地理环境要素影响社会融合的过程与机制。在此基础上，本文展望城市社会融合研究的可能研究议题与方法论发展方向，有助于推进中国城市社会融合研究的多元化和人本化。

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	刘志林
	柴彦威

关键词 ：社会融合, 时空间行为, 社区, 社会空间分异, 地理环境要素

Abstract：Social polarization and social cohesion during urban transformation have been focal research topics in urban geography. However, in the context of increased individual mobility and expanding activity space, this research approach, being too static and narrow in perspective, cannot fully comprehend the dynamic process of social cohesion or the micro-level mechanisms underlying the social cohesion impacts of urban physical or social environments. This paper first reviews the progress of the urban social cohesion research and discusses the limitations of the residential neighborhood-based approach. Based on the critical literature review, the paper proposes a space-time behavior framework to urban social cohesion research, which incorporates the perspectives of individual mobility and space-time constraints while investigating the complicated causal mechanisms between the urban built environments and social cohesion. The space-time behavior approach allows more accurate measurement of the dynamic geographical context of individual social interactions based on individual activity-travel behavior in everyday life, as well as more in-depth understanding of the processes in which geographical context factors affect social cohesions through intermediary mechanisms of space-time constraints, public contact potential, and space-time behavioral strategy.

Key words： social cohesion space-time behavior neighborhood social-spatial differentiation geographical context

收稿日期: 2021-09-13

PACS:

K901.2

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目（42071208， 42071203）

通讯作者: 柴彦威(1964-),男,甘肃会宁人,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为时间地理学、社会地理学、城市与区域规划。E-mail:chyw@pku.edu.cn。 E-mail: chyw@pku.edu.cn

作者简介: 刘志林(1978-),女,江西新余市人,长聘副教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为城市社会地理、住房政策、城市规划与政策研究。E-mail:zhilinliu@tsinghua.edu.cn。

引用本文:

刘志林, 柴彦威. 时空间行为视角下的城市社会融合研究[J]. 人文地理, 2022, 37(6): 30-38,117. LIU Zhi-lin, CHAI Yan-wei. URBAN SOCIAL COHESION RESEARCH FROM A SPACE-TIME BEHAVIOR APPROACH. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 2022, 37(6): 30-38,117.

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http://rwdl.xisu.edu.cn/CN/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2022.06.004 或 http://rwdl.xisu.edu.cn/CN/Y2022/V37/I6/30

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