西方环境绅士化研究进展与启示

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2023.02.002

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摘要进入 21世纪，“绿色城市”、“公园城市”、“绿色基础设施”等城市生态规划理念愈发流行，以环境美化项目为载体的城市空间更新在全球各大城市纷纷涌现，给城市环境功能带来提质的同时，推动特定地区建成环境与社会结构的绅士化重构。遵循“概念界定—辨识测度—机制效应—政策响应”技术路线，系统梳理近 20 年西方新兴环境绅士化理论与实证进展，发现：首先，该现象源于后工业化时代城市环境资源不均衡配置从“邻避设施”到“绿地公园”的演变脉络，城市环境改善实践与社会空间升级的耦合关联是其核心内涵；其次，现阶段，地理加权回归技术、双重/三重差分法和典型相关性分析等更多地理空间计量分析方法被引入研究以捕获城市尺度更广泛的社会空间变化；第三，政治生态学理论与绅士化经典“生产端—消费端”分析结合，城市绿色转向中生产“环境租差”、中产阶层身份符号与绿色偏好、“绿色增长联盟”缔结等研究视角把其形成机制放入新解释框架以内。最后，环境绅士化的社会、经济、生态与公共健康等多维度效应影响评估和基于社区赋能、规划设计、政策调控等多角度响应措施能够为我国绿色改善实践提供经验支持和优化借鉴。

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	余思奇

关键词 ：环境绅士化, 绿色空间, 邻避设施, 社会公平

Abstract：In the 21^st century, urban planning concepts such as "green city", "park city" and "green infrastructure" are becoming more and more popular, and urban development/renewal based on green space has emerged in large cities around the world. While improving the environmental quality, the "green turn" will trigger the gentrification in specific areas. A systematic review of western studies on environmental gentrification in the past 20 years found that: Firstly, the phenomenon of environmental gentrification originated from the evolution of the uneven allocation of environmental amenities in the post-industrial era from "NIMBY" facilities to "green space". Besides, the coupling relationship between green practice and socio-spatial upgrading is its core; Secondly, at this stage, more econometric methods, such as geographically weighted regression, double/triple difference method, and canonical correlation analysis, have been introduced to capture the socio-spatial changes in urban scale; Thirdly, the combination of political ecology theory and classic "production-consumption" analysis in gentrification, research perspectives such as environmental "rent gap", middle-class group identity and green preference, and "green growth alliance" put formation mechanisms into the framework of new interpretations. Finally, a multi-scale impact assessment of social, economic, and ecological effects of environmental gentrification and planning response based on community empowerment, urban planning and design, and policy regulation could provide empirical support and optimization suggestions for green improvement practices in China.

Key words： environmental gentrification green space NIMBY social equity

收稿日期: 2021-09-13

PACS:

K901

基金资助:国家社会科学基金重点项目（17ASH003）；国家自然科学基金项目（42101219）；教育部人文社会科学研究项目（21YJC630017）

作者简介: 余思奇（1992—），女，贵州遵义人，博士，讲师，主要研究方向为城市住房与社会空间、城乡治理与资源管理。E-mail: yusiqi@njfu.edu.cn。

引用本文:

余思奇. 西方环境绅士化研究进展与启示[J]. 人文地理, 2023, 38(2): 10-18,87. YU Si-qi. REVIEW OF WESTERN RESEARCH ON ENVIRONMENTAL GENTRIFICATION. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 2023, 38(2): 10-18,87.

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http://rwdl.xisu.edu.cn/CN/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2023.02.002 或 http://rwdl.xisu.edu.cn/CN/Y2023/V38/I2/10

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