老年人健康水平的社区环境影响因素研究——以深圳市为例

doi:10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.03.003

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摘要推进健康老龄化是积极应对人口老龄化的长远举措，营造良好的社区环境是实现健康老龄化的重要途径。本文采用深圳市第七次人口普查的老年人健康数据，揭示深圳市老年人健康水平的空间分异特征，并运用截断最小绝对离差（CLAD）模型识别社区老年人健康水平的居住环境影响因素。研究发现： ①深圳市老年人健康水平呈现明显的空间异质性，南山区、龙岗区和盐田区老年人健康水平高于全市的平均水平；②社会经济环境、生态环境、公共服务设施供给、交通出行环境和住房条件对社区老年人健康均有显著的影响。③经济弱势群体形成的社区社会经济剥夺环境、蓝绿空间、地铁可达性和住房设施等因素在老旧社区与老年人健康水平的关系呈现影响异质性。研究结果可为老年宜居环境的建设提供科学支撑。

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	李宇珅
	刘晔
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关键词 ：老年人, 健康水平, 社区环境, 深圳市, 人口普查

Abstract：Creating a favorable living environment for the elderly is essential to build a healthy aging society. This study utilized health, population, and housing data at the subdistrict and community scale from the 7th National Population Census in Shenzhen, along with environmental data obtained from remote-sensing images and open-source maps. Employing, we use various spatial analysis tools, including Censored Least Absolute Deviations (CLAD) Regression and spatial visualization, to investigate the impacts of socioeconomic environment, health service facilities, ecological factors, transportation, and housing conditions on the health of older adults. Our particular emphasis is put on the heterogeneous effects of living environments in older communities. The findings are as follow: 1)Shenzhen exhibits significant spatial heterogeneity in the health status of older adults, with higher health levels observed in in Nanshan, Longgang, and Yantian district. 2) Various factors, including socio-economic conditions, ecological environment, transportation, health service, and housing conditions, significantly influence the health status of the elderly. 3)Through segmented regression analysis, we have identified the heterogeneity in the influence of elderly health within communities built before 2000.

Key words： the elderly health status community environment Shenzhen city census

收稿日期: 2024-01-06

PACS:

K901.2

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目（42171196）

通讯作者: 刘晔（1986—），男，广东广州人，博士，教授，博士生导师，主要研究方向为人口地理、健康地理和城市地理。E-mail:liuye25@mail.sysu.edu.cn。 E-mail: liuye25@mail.sysu.edu.cn

作者简介: 李宇珅（1988—），女，山东日照人，博士生，主要研究方向为城乡规划、城市地理。E-mail:liysh66@mail2.sysu.edu.cn。

引用本文:

李宇珅, 刘晔, 张弦, 董蕊. 老年人健康水平的社区环境影响因素研究——以深圳市为例[J]. 人文地理, 2025, 40(3): 21-31. LI Yu-shen, LIU Ye, ZHANG Xian, DONG Rui. COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENT DETERMINANTS ON THE HEALTH LEVEL OF THE ELDERLY POPULATION: A CASE STUDY OF SHENZHEN. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, 2025, 40(3): 21-31.

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http://rwdl.xisu.edu.cn/CN/10.13959/j.issn.1003-2398.2025.03.003 或 http://rwdl.xisu.edu.cn/CN/Y2025/V40/I3/21

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