公共服务设施的优化配置是构建和谐社会、改善民生的内在要求。本文通过构建协调发展度模型,对北京市2001年和2012年16个区县教育医疗设施供需关系及二者协调发展的时空演化特征进行研究。研究认为:①教育设施"供不应需",供需差距增大;协调发展等级总体较低且有下降趋势;协调发展水平由"东高西低"向"南高北低"格局演变,空间差异增大。②医疗设施"供不应需",供需差距缩小;供需协调发展等级较低但有上升趋势,空间格局由"中心集聚"向"南高北低"演变,空间差异减小。

By constructing coordinated development degree model, this paper discussed the relationship about educational and medical facilities supply and demand, the spatial-temporal succession characteristics of their coordinated development in 16 districts and counties of Beijing in 2001 and 2012 respectively. It is demonstrated:(1) The supply capacity of educational service facilities of Beijing decreased, demand level increased, the performance of their relationship is "the supply lags behind the demand", and the gap between supply and demand representing a increasing trend; now, apart from Haidian District, the supply lag or profit and loss is the main type of coordinated development type for the remaining counties. (2) The supply capacity of educational service facilities decreased, demand level increased, the integral performance of medical service facilities is also "the supply lags behind the demand", but the comprehensive evaluation index of Beijing medical facilities supply had a lower level, compared with 2001, the gap between supply and demand has been reduced in 2012; the grade classification of coordinated development is all low, but presents upward trend; except for a small number of counties, the coordinated development type of most counties is the supply lag or profit and loss in the year of the study period; the spatial difference decreases and the spatial patterns tend to be more balanced distribution.