国内的军事地理研究大大落后于其他人文地理分支学科。本文结合实地学习考察,对于井冈山军事斗争这一重大历史事件从现代地理学视角进行比较系统的全新分析。在井冈山斗争期间,根据地经历了从队伍上山、据险驻守,到外线出击、最终撤离的军事地理过程,并在根据地内部形成了"两片、两心、一环、五哨"的军事地理格局。从根据地尺度看,这一格局对于斗争初期的立足有一定合理性,但范围狭小、资源支撑和回旋空间不足;从宏观的区域尺度分析显示,井冈山地区远离敌方核心,但立足后则面临两省"会剿",腹背受敌,军事地理上的劣势凸显。分析还显示了新军事力量形成的"核心-边缘"结构对于旧格局的反转。作为井冈山道路的发展,中央苏区、陕甘宁根据地以及东北解放区的建立,是对井冈山斗争开辟的革命道路的发展,同时也是在区域尺度、位置、区际关系等方面军事地理优势不断增强的过程。

The research of military geography is lagging behind other fields in human geography in China. On the basis of field study, the historical event of Jinggangshan military struggle has been analyzed systematically in the perspective of modern geography. During the whole course of Jinggangshan Struggle, the base area had undergone a process of military geography from troops going to the mountains, taking advantage of natural barriers to garrison, to hitting outside, and evacuating finally, the pattern of military geography was formed through "two districts, two centers, one loop, five posts". In the perspective of base area scale, we interpreted the moving of the core from Maoping to Ciping, the separation of two districts, pointed the defectsof five posts, and of supporting capacity of resources and environments. Therefore, the pattern was fit for settling down at the beginning, but was with the disadvantages of small territorial range, weak resource supporting and scarce space to circle round. In the perspective of macroscopic regional scale, although the base area was far away from enemy's center, it faced attacks from both sides of two provinces, showing weakness of military geography. Consequently, the troops tried to make a sally to south Jiangxi province to find a better base area. The new military force formed an inverted "core-periphery" structure against old pattern. As the progress of Jinggangshan Road, the advantages of military geography were strengthened constantly in respects of locations, scales, resources and surroundings, during the establishment and development of following Central Soviet Area, Shanganning Base Area and Northeast Liberated Area.