以成都市为实证研究对象,在大规模问卷调查的基础上,对西部大城市居民通勤基本特征进行了研究。分析发现,西部大城市居民通勤方式以公共交通为主,选择私家车作为通勤工具的比例较高;大部分居民的通勤时间在30分钟以内,通勤距离小于5km。和北京、广州等东部大城市相比,西部大城市职住分离现象还不是非常严重;不同属性居民的通勤时间存在差异,西方空间错位假说反映的城市社会空间不平等现象在中国西部大城市同样存在并逐步显化;通勤空间组织特征与城市结构以及城市功能分区存在密切的关系;西部大城市的快速发展对居民日常通勤影响较大。

This paper chooses Chengdu City as a case to study the characteristics of resident commuting in big cities of western China. It was based on the questionnaire answered by nearly 2000 people in 2012. The Geographic Information System(GIS) and spatial analysis were used to analyze the characteristics of resident commuting in large cities of western China. The contradiction between supply and demand of transportation has become increasingly prominent. Most of the residents travel less than half an hour and 5 km. The separation between jobs and residential locations is not that critical as in big cities of eastern China, such as Beijing, Guangzhou et al. However, as the city sizes of western China expand constantly, the separation between jobs and residential locations will become more and more obvious and the commuting cost will increases too. The empirical research shows that, there's no difference of commuting times between male and female. But there's difference between people who has different age, education, income, job and property type. It shows that urban space has formed a structural impediment that constrains the disadvantaged people's ability to commuting, information search, migration, which affects the opportunities of jobs and housing. The phenomenon of social spatial inequality stated by spatial mismatch hypothesis in western countries also exists in large cities of western China. It highlights the requirement for urban geographers to pay attention to the extent of spatial inequality in big cities of China. The characteristics of commuting space are closely related with urban structure and urban function partition.