生活环境作为居民传统生活方式的形塑产物,是历史街区保护的重要内容。旅游开发为历史街区发展提供了一种现代途径,也干扰历史街区的空间转变。旅游影响对居民生活惯习的介入效应调整旅游历史街区生活环境的存续-发展结构。扬州"双东"历史街区旅游发展对生活环境具有较大影响。居民围绕生活环境质量和旅游支持性形成三类亚群。旅游影响以不同方式介入居民生活环境,应结合具体情况确定生活环境维护导向。传统生活方式与现代发展诉求、生活环境整体转变与街区居民个体利益之间的矛盾是维护"双东"生活环境遭遇的现实困境。

Living environment is an important issue of protection of historical districts. Grounded on the theory by Lefebvre, historical district is a social space shaped mainly by traditional living styles of local residents. Elements of living environment, such as social relationship, local culture, and daily activities and so on, together with material environment are primary constructors of the social space of a historical district. Interactions between tourism impacts and residents' habitus dominate, with local society being an adjuster, transformative process of historical district's social space, thus the living environment.The case study of "Shuangdong" historical district in Yangzhou proves un-continuity and heterogeneity of effects of tourism development on living environments. Accordingly, residents can be clustered into three groups with differentiated perceptions and attitudes towards tourism development. Effects of subjective characteristics on differing three groups from each other are meaner than that of objective ones, that is, tourism facilities and locations. Meanwhile, to react on involvement of tourism development into "Shuangdong" living environment, rearrangement of tourism facilities and their locations plays key roles. It proves that tourism development contributes largely to promotion of local living environment; however, nurturing "Shuangdong" living environment is trapped by two dilemmas: maintaining local tradition while traditions transformation is inevitable, and the whole living environment of "Shuangdong" optimizing while both benefits and costs are asymmetric between residents.