旅游发展初期的自然旅游地社区居民旅游影响感知分类及影响因素在文献中讨论较少。以天堂寨景区为例利用分层聚类法与多分类名义变量逻辑斯蒂回归模型对居民旅游影响感知群体分类并识别其关键影响因素。研究发现:天堂寨周边社区居民旅游影响感知分为盲目乐观派、社区经济挂帅派、谨慎支持派、悲观反对派,分类的关键影响因素为年龄与居住时间、居住村、现在工作。基于深度访谈数据与研究文献分析了相关因素影响居民旅游影响感知群体分类的内在机制。本研究证实了一个事实:即使在偏远的山区农村社会分化也越来越明显,哪怕是针对像旅游业这样的具体议题,同时本研究也呼应了经典社会学中的社会分层理论。

Based on a questionnaire survey on host community around Tiantangzhai scenic spot, Anhui Province, China, Such quantitive research techniques as Factor analysis, Hierarchical Cluster, Multinomial Logistic Regression are employed on segmentation and influential factors of host community. In order to improve on research reliability and validity, such qualitative research techniques as structural interviews and non-structural in-depth interviews are employed to explain quantitive results and provide a thorough analysis to formation mechanism beyond segmentation of host community. It is concluded that host community residents are classified into naive optimists, community economy-led realists, cautious supporters, and pessimistic opposers. Naive optimists attach importance to social, cultural benefits and nature protection and tremendous potential to overcome such social issues as unemployment and children education. Community economy-led realists are not too concerned about various positive benefits but emphasize community satisfaction, especially economic benefits resulting from tourism development. Cautious supporters pay much attention to various social costs resulting from tourism development but support tourism development conditionally while pessimistic opposition pay much attention to such social costs in the same way and consequently oppose tourism development.